汉初三杰张良、萧何、韩信,为何韩信必须死?

2025-02-07 15:47:37
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

韩信和张良萧何并列汉初三杰,为刘邦一统天下历下汗马功劳,平魏国,灭赵国,攻齐国,垓下十面埋伏围攻项羽,毫不客气的说,没有韩信,刘邦和项羽谁胜谁负未可知!

但是劳苦功高的韩信却在汉朝建立短短几年间,从楚王变成淮阴侯,后又被吕后处死在长乐宫,最终成为“鸟尽弓藏”的千古典型!

为什么韩信必须死?韩信是不是可以不死?韩信怎么才能不死?回答这个问题要从刘邦韩信两个角度来看!

站在刘邦的角度,韩信怎么做都必须死。

(1)能力太强,如前文所说,刘邦的天下一半是韩信打下来的,三杰的称号也是刘邦亲自给的,比起萧何张良两位谋士,韩信是实打实的军功,行军打仗,攻无不克,韩信第二,没人敢称第一,即便是有英布、彭越、灌婴、曹参等猛将助阵,依然不是韩信的对手,大家都心知肚明。韩信被贬为淮阴侯以后,史书记载:信尝过樊将军哙,哙跪拜送迎,言称臣,曰:“大王乃肯临臣!”信出门,笑曰:“生乃与哙等为伍!

樊哙是谁?刘邦的连襟,鸿门宴的猛男,这资历,这地位,见到已经被降级为候的韩信,跪着喊大王,韩信都觉得羞于为伍,江湖地位可见一斑。

(2)年轻,韩信生于公元前231年,刘邦生于公元前256年,按照年纪刘邦做韩信伯伯绰绰有余,两人压根就不是一代人,韩信死的时候不过35岁,正是年富力强的年纪,这个年纪,有能力,有经历,有资历,谁都怕,更不说一个垂垂老矣的刘邦,怕能怎么做,杀掉最省心。

(3)刘邦不但要杀韩信,其他异性王都要杀。彭越年纪大,被剁成肉酱,英布能力不如韩信,也一起干掉,刘邦去世之前和众大臣杀白马盟誓:非刘姓为王者,天下共击之。也就是说只要不是姓刘的,就是不能做王。

做王,就意味着有军队,有广大的封地,就有了造反的本钱,不能不妨,即使姓刘,也并非完全放心,如刘濞,刘邦封王以后就十分后悔,说东南五十年后有叛乱,不会是你吧?人哪能知道五十年后的事情,不过是恩威并施的一种手段,当然若干年后刘濞果然造反,可见王的诱惑有多么大,能量有多么足。

所以刘邦明知道韩信现在不会反,也要杀死他,现在不反,将来谁说的准,人在权力的诱惑下,是会变的,他不反,他的儿子呢,孙子呢,曹操一辈子没有篡位称帝,刚一死儿子就动手了。

刘邦手下的大臣都知道韩信不会反,也只能配合刘邦杀韩信,如陈平,刘邦让他出主意收拾韩信,他就是不愿意多说,实际就是不愿意冤杀韩信,但是没有办法,事已至此,非死不可。

以上是刘邦的角度,站在韩信的角度,如何能不被杀。

答案是除了造反,没有办法。

以萧何张良两位为例子,萧何是刘邦起义前的老领导,从龙之臣,忠心耿耿,即便如此,萧何也是战战兢兢,荥阳之战的时候萧何在后方,为了安定刘邦的疑心,把自己家族大大小小都送上战场;做了丞相,为了让刘邦定心,故意贪污现把柄,之所以不断自黑自残,就是为了打消领导疑虑,换个平安终老。

而张良更加聪明,干脆来个跳出三界外,不在五行中,天天喊着要跟着师傅赤松子求仙问道,仙道这种事情虚无缥缈,谁知道是不是真的,但是有这个意思,就是明确释放一种信号:我不参与任何权利斗争,没有任何野心。

这两位的功劳不在韩信之下,且都是文臣,尚且如此小心翼翼战战兢兢,韩信不造反,再能演也的死。

如果造反,可能不死。

潍水之战以后,项羽派来使者,希望韩信能够在到来的决战中中立,谋士蒯彻也极力劝说韩信看清形势,避免兔死狗烹,但是韩信犹豫再三,没有同意。如果他当时咬咬牙,选择中立或者拥兵自立,天下局势将陡然发生变化,三国演义提前四百年上演也说不定,而时间是站在他和项羽这边的,刘邦已经年纪大了,耗不过他们,如果刘邦没有灭掉项羽,韩信登顶的机会就来了。

可惜他错过了自救的最佳机会,人生不能重来,不知道在长乐宫的那天,韩信心里是否有过后悔。

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