个体差异因素与第二语言习得 翻译二

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二、语言能力倾向因素与第二语言习得
语言能力倾向(language aptitude) 指第二语言习得者所具备的一种自然的语言学习能力, 即它是一种可能发展出来的潜在能力。它不包括天资、动机、兴趣等因素。一般认为语言能力倾向主要体现在四个方面:
2. The factors of language aptitude and the acquisition of a second language
Language aptitude is a naturally inborn language learning ability of the second language learners; that means it is a potential ability that can be developed. It has nothing to do with talent, motives or interest. It is generally assumed that language aptitude embodies the following four aspects:

11 语言解码能力
即具有辨别、记忆所学外语因素的能力。该能力主要体现在拼读单词及掌握声音和符号对应关系的能力上。

11. Phonetic coding ability
It is the ability to differentiate and memorize a foreign language factor that has been learnt. This ability mainly reflects in the spelling of words and the grasping of corresponding relationship between sounds and symbols.

21 语法解码能力
有的学者亦称其为语法敏感性( grammatical sensitivity) , 这主要指学习者具有辨别句子中各个词所具有的语法功能的能力。
21. Grammatical coding ability
Some scholars call this ability ‘grammatical sensitivity’; this refers to the learners’ ability to distinguish the syntax of every phrase in a sentence.

31 归纳学习能力
指第二语言习得者所具有的辨别语言形式和意义之间对应关系模式的能力。
31. Inductive learning ability
The ability of learners of a second language to distinguish the corresponding relation modes between the linguistic form and meaning.

41 机械学习能力
一般指对缺乏联系材料的学习或材料的意义联系缺乏领会的学习, 即通常说的单纯重复、死记硬背的学习。第二语言习得中, 此能力主要体现在对词汇和语法规则等的记忆。国内外多年研究结果表明, 语言能力倾向在第二语言习得中具有重要作用, 是衡量第二语言习得者成功与否的最为有效的预测器之一。在其他条件相同时, 具有较高语言能力倾向的人会学得更快些, 更省力些。目前检验语言能力倾向的主要方式是进行语言能力测度。
41. Rote —learning ability
This generally refers to learning without relative materials, or the lack of understanding the relative meanings of the learning materials; the so called memorization by repetitions learning. In second language acquisition, this ability essentially reflects in the memorizing of vocabulary and grammatical rules. Language aptitude plays an important role in second language learning, it is an effective forecast apparatus to measure the success or failure of the second language learners; this has been exemplified by the conclusions of years of study at home and abroad. When under similar conditions, those who possess stronger language aptitude shall learn faster and with less effort. Presently, the principal method of examining language aptitude is the testing of language ability.

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Second, language aptitude factors and Second Language Acquisition
Language Aptitude (language aptitude) means by the second language acquisition with a natural language learning ability, which is that it is a possible development by the potential capacity. It does not include the talent, motivation, interest and other factors. Generally believed that language aptitude manifested mainly in the following four aspects: 11 language decoding skills (sound coding ability, phoneticcoding ability), that is, with the identification, the memory capacity Huawaiyu factors. Mainly embodied in the ability to spell words and symbols, and master the voice of the relationship capabilities.

21 grammar decoding capabilities (grammatical coding ability),
Some scholars also known as its sensitivity to grammar (grammaticalsensitivity), which mainly refers to learners identify with the words in each sentence with the ability to function syntax.

31 inductive learning capacity (inductive learning ability), that second language acquisition by the language to distinguish between form and meaning relationship mode capability.

41 machine learning ability (rote-learning ability), generally refers to the lack of contact learning materials or materials associated lack of understanding of the significance of the study, said that usually the simple repetition, rote learning. Second Language Acquisition, the ability primarily embodied in its vocabulary and grammar rules memory. The results showed that years of study at home and abroad, language aptitude in the second language acquisition plays an important role in language acquisition is the second to measure the success or otherwise of the most effective one for the forecast. In other conditions the same, tend to have higher language skills of the people will more quickly and with more effort more. At present language aptitude test is the main mode is the ability to measure language.

Second, language aptitude factors and Second Language Acquisition
Language Aptitude (language aptitude) means by the second language acquisition with a natural language learning ability, which is that it is a possible development by the potential capacity. It does not include the talent, motivation, interest and other factors. Generally believed that language aptitude manifested mainly in the following four aspects: 11 language decoding skills (sound coding ability, phoneticcoding ability), that is, with the identification, the memory capacity Huawaiyu factors. Mainly embodied in the ability to spell words and symbols, and master the voice of the relationship capabilities.

21 grammar decoding capabilities (grammatical coding ability),
Some scholars also known as its sensitivity to grammar (grammaticalsensitivity), which mainly refers to learners identify with the words in each sentence with the ability to function syntax.

31 inductive learning capacity (inductive learning ability), that second language acquisition by the language to distinguish between form and meaning relationship mode capability.

41 machine learning ability (rote-learning ability), generally refers to the lack of contact learning materials or materials associated lack of understanding of the significance of the study, said that usually the simple repetition, rote learning. Second Language Acquisition, the ability primarily embodied in its vocabulary and grammar rules memory. The results showed that years of study at home and abroad, language aptitude in the second language acquisition plays an important role in language acquisition is the second to measure the success or otherwise of the most effective one for the forecast. In other conditions the same, tend to have higher language skills of the people will more quickly and with more effort more. At present language aptitude test is the main mode is the ability to measure language.

二.Language Aptitude factors and Second Language Acquisition
Language Aptitude (language aptitude) means by the second language acquisition with a natural language learning ability, which is that it is a possible development by the potential capacity. It does not include the talent, motivation, interest and other factors. Generally believed that language aptitude manifested mainly in the following four aspects: 11 language decoding skills (sound coding ability, phoneticcoding ability), that is, with the identification, the memory capacity Huawaiyu factors. Mainly embodied in the ability to spell words and symbols, and master the voice of the relationship capabilities.
21.Grammar decoding capabilities (grammatical coding ability),
Some scholars also known as its sensitivity to grammar (grammaticalsensitivity), which mainly refers to learners identify with the words in each sentence with the ability to function syntax.
31.Inductive learning capacity (inductive learning ability), that second language acquisition by the language to distinguish between form and meaning relationship mode capability.
41.Machine learning ability (rote-learning ability), generally refers to the lack of contact learning materials or materials associated lack of understanding of the significance of the study, said that usually the simple repetition, rote learning. Second Language Acquisition, the ability primarily embodied in its vocabulary and grammar rules memory. The results showed that years of study at home and abroad, language aptitude in the second language acquisition plays an important role in language acquisition is the second to measure the success or otherwise of the most effective one for the forecast. In other conditions the same, tend to have higher language skills of the people will more quickly and with more effort more. At present language aptitude test is the main mode is the ability to measure language.

21 grammar decoding capabilities (grammatical coding ability),
Some scholars also known as its sensitivity to grammar (grammaticalsensitivity), which mainly refers to learners identify with the words in each sentence with the ability to function syntax.

31 inductive learning capacity (inductive learning ability), that second language acquisition by the language to distinguish between form and meaning relationship mode capability.

41 machine learning ability (rote-learning ability), generally refers to the lack of contact learning materials or materials associated lack of understanding of the significance of the study, said that usually the simple repetition, rote learning. Second Language Acquisition, the ability primarily embodied in its vocabulary and grammar rules memory. The results showed that years of study at home and abroad, language aptitude in the second language acquisition plays an important role in language acquisition is the second to measure the success or otherwise of the most effective one for the forecast. In other conditions the same, tend to have higher language skills of the people will more quickly and with more effort more. At present language aptitude test is the main mode is the ability to measure language.
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