昨天晚上睡觉突然头晕的天旋地转,这会是什么病?

2025-01-22 15:51:47
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

1.眩晕的原因及特点
眩晕是空间定位错觉引起的自身或周围物体的运动幻觉。它是一种主观感觉障碍,通常无意识障碍。病人有周围景物或自身旋转感,称为旋转性眩晕或真性眩晕;若病人只有头昏,头重脚轻,摇晃浮沉感,而无旋转感,则称为假性眩晕。正常人体经常处于运动之中,保持有机的平衡需要健全的神经调控。外界的感觉刺激传入小脑和皮质下中枢,产生不自主的协调反射;感觉刺激还可由皮层下中枢上传至大脑皮层,使人体能有意识地保持平衡。视觉感受系统,肌肉关节的本位感受系统和前庭感受系统是人体平衡调控反射的三个主要传入路径,合称为“平衡三联”。无论是平衡三联的反射路径障碍,还是小脑及皮层下中枢病变,以及大脑皮层的机能紊乱,都可引起人体平衡失调及产生眩晕,而内耳前庭系统病变则是产生眩晕的主要原因。由于平衡三联还通过网状结构与脑干中的内脏运动中枢有联系,因而在眩晕时常伴有恶心,呕吐,面色苍白,心动过缓和血压降低等一系列内脏神经反应的症状。
由于内耳前庭系统疾病是产生眩晕的主要原因,所以眩晕在分类上分为前庭系统眩晕和非前庭系统眩晕两大类;两者更进一步分为周围性前庭眩晕和中枢性前庭眩晕。常见的各种眩晕特点如下:
(1)耳源性眩晕:系指前庭迷路感受异常引起的眩晕。
当发生迷路积水(梅尼埃综合征),晕动病(晕舟车病),迷路炎,迷路出血或中毒,前庭神经炎或损害,中耳感染等都可引起体位平衡障碍,发生眩晕。由于前庭核通过内侧束与动眼神经核之间有密切联系,因此,当前庭器受到病理性刺激时,常发生眼球震颤。
耳源性眩晕的主要表现为发作性眩晕,听力减退及耳鸣,重症常伴有恶心,呕吐,面色苍白,出汗等迷走神经刺激现象,可发生水平性或水平兼旋转性眼球震颤。一次发作的时间较短,病人常感物体旋转 或自身旋转,行走可出现偏斜或倾倒,发作中神志清醒。
(2)中毒性眩晕:常见耳毒性药物有链霉素,卡那霉素,异烟肼,奎宁,水杨酸类药,有机磷,汞,铝,酒精,烟草等中毒。主要损害内耳听神经末梢,前庭器官中毒引起眩晕,如耳蜗神经亦受损则发生双侧感音性耳聋。
(3)颈性眩晕(椎动脉压迫综合征):大多由于颈椎肥大性骨质增生引起,造成脑基底动脉供血不足。眩晕发作常与头颈转动有关。固定患者头部,使其身体左,右转动,可立即诱发眩晕,常伴有复视,火花或暂时性视野短缺。如进行X射线检查,则显示颈椎有骨质增生。
(4)小脑疾病:可见于蚓部下端及小叶小结部肿瘤和小脑后下动脉血栓形成。多表现为平衡失调,轻度眩晕,醉汉样步态,眼球震颤常不明显一。小脑后下动脉血栓形成常骤然发生严重的眩晕,上,下,肢共济失调,多无神志昏迷,可有眼球震颤,言语不清及吞咽困难。
(5)大脑疾病:如癫痫发作的眩晕先兆,偏头痛发作,脑血管硬化和脑瘤的颅内高压等。此类眩晕常根据其原发病进行诊断。
(6)眼原性眩晕:如眼肌麻痹产生复视,注意飞快行车或站立于悬崖等,引起头晕眼花及眩晕。
(7)植物神经官能症:头晕,眼花,耳鸣,恶心,心慌,失眠,多梦等名式各样的神经衰弱症状,头昏,头晕不是真正的眩晕。

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回答2:

眩晕的原因很多,常见包括外周和中枢性的疾病,以及周围前庭系统疾病。外周的疾病比如良性位置性眩晕、梅尼埃病、前庭神经元炎,中枢性的疾病,比如短暂性脑缺血的发作、脑梗塞、前庭性偏头痛,这些也是比较常见的。

回答3:

你贫血吗?

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