食物中毒分为哪几类?

2025-02-06 09:59:30
推荐回答(4个)
回答1:

细菌性食物中毒

这类食物中毒比较常见,发生的原因多是由于食物在加工、运输、贮存过程中卫生不达标,被细菌污染,并在一定的条件下(如气温高、放置时间长等)使细菌在食物里大量繁殖,有的还产生毒素,这种含有大量细菌或细菌毒素的食物被人食用后,就会发生中毒现象。

真菌性食物中毒

真菌的种类很多,谷粒上繁殖的真菌可使之霉变,产生有毒的代谢物质,人或牲畜吃了以后可引起中毒即真菌毒素中毒。近年来在我国由于真菌毒素引起的中毒呈上升趋势。

有毒动植物性中毒

有些动物和植物本身就含有毒素,如河豚鱼、白果、苦杏仁、苍耳子、毒蘑菇、发芽的马铃薯等。而且不易被破坏和去除,在食用或误食以后,可引起食物中毒。另外,有些常吃的食物由于加工、烹调方法不当,也可引起中毒,如没有煮熟的扁豆、没有煮开的豆浆、用铁锅煮山楂、海棠等也可引起中毒。此外,如野芹叶、野豌豆、蓖麻子、桐子、皂角荚、风茄(如蔓陀萝)的子及叶、天仙子(即黑莨菪)等,均有较大的毒性,误吃后均可导致食物中毒。

回答2:

分为胃肠型食物中毒、葡萄球菌性食物中毒、副溶血性弧菌食物中毒、变形杆菌食物中毒四种类型。
拓展资料:
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1.胃肠型食物中毒
胃肠型食物中毒多见于气温较高、细菌易在食物中生长繁殖的夏秋季节,以恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻等急性胃肠炎症状为主要特征。
2.葡萄球菌性食物中毒
是由于进食被金黄色葡萄球菌及其所产生的肠毒素所污染的食物而引起的一种急性疾病。引起葡萄菌性食物中毒的常见食品主要有淀粉类(如剩饭、粥、米面等)、牛乳及乳制品、鱼肉、蛋类等,被污染的食物在室温20~22℃搁置5小时以上时,病菌大量繁殖并产生肠毒素,此毒素耐热力很强,经加热煮沸30分钟,仍可保持其毒力而致病。该病以夏秋二季为多。
3.副溶血性弧菌食物中毒
是由于食用了被副溶血性弧菌污染的食品或者食用了含有该菌的食品后出现的急性、亚急性疾病。副溶血性弧菌是常见的食物中毒病原菌,在细菌性食物中毒中占有相当大的比例,临床上以胃肠道症状,如恶心、呕吐、腹痛、腹泻及水样便等为主要症状。该菌引起的食物中毒具有暴发起病(同一时间、同一区域、相同或相似症状、同一污染食物)、潜伏期短(数小时至数天)、有一定季节性(多夏秋季)等细菌性食物中毒的常见特点。
4.变形杆菌食物中毒
是由于摄入大量变形杆菌污染的食物所致,属条件致病菌引起的食物中毒。变形杆菌是革兰阴性杆菌,根据生化反应的不同可分为普通变形杆菌与奇异变形杆菌,有100多个血清型。大量变形杆菌在人体内生长繁殖,并产生肠毒素,引致食物中毒。夏秋季节发病率较高,临床表现为胃肠型及过敏型。
/wapbaike.baidu.com/item/%E9%A3%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%B8%AD%E6%AF%92"target="_blank"title="百度百科——食物中毒">百度百科——食物中毒

回答3:

1、细菌性食物中毒多发于变质或被细菌污染的鱼、肉、蛋、乳等熟食品。
2、化学性食物中毒多发生于被化学物质污染,如重金属铅、砷、锡、镐以及农药、毒鼠药等中毒。
3、有毒动植物如河豚鱼、毒蘑菇、木薯、发芽马铃薯等中毒。
4、真菌(霉菌)性食物中毒常见于被霉菌污染的发霉食品。
本条内容来源于:中国农业出版社《实用药用动物养殖技术》

回答4:

什么是食物中毒,食物中毒分为哪几类?#星知计划#

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