脂质的基本单位是什么

脂质的基本单位是什么?是脂肪,磷脂还是固醇?
2025-02-24 06:42:37
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

脂质包括脂肪、磷脂和固醇等。
脂肪的基本单位是甘油、脂肪酸;
磷脂是构成细胞膜的主要成分;
固醇类物质包括胆固醇、性激素、维生素D等

回答2:

脂质不是多聚体,没有基本组成单位。

脂质的元素组成与糖类相比,C、H的含量高,O的含量低,所以同质量的脂质彻底氧化分解可以释放更多的能量;脂质通常不溶于水,溶于脂溶性有机溶剂。

脂质(Lipids)又称脂类,是脂肪及类脂的总称.这是一类不溶于水而易溶于脂肪溶剂(醇、醚、氯仿、苯)等非极性有机溶剂。并能为机体利用的重要有机化合物。脂质包括的范围广泛,其分类方法亦有多种。通常根据脂质的主要组成成分分为:简单脂质、复合脂质、衍生脂质、不皂化脂类。

脂质包括多种多样的分子,其特点是主要由碳和氢两种元素以非极性的共价键组成。由于这些分子是非极性的,所以和水不能相容,因此是疏水的。严格地说,脂质不是大分子,因为它们的相对分子质量不如糖类、蛋白质和核酸的那么大,而且它们也不是聚合物。

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扩展资料

脂肪的降解

脂肪(甘油三酯)经脂肪酶水解成甘油和脂肪酸,以后甘油和脂肪酸在组织内氧化成二氧化碳及水,所放出的化学能被用于完成各种生理机能。

1、脂肪的酶促水解

脂肪的降解是经过脂肪酶水解的。组织中有三种脂肪酶,逐步把脂肪水解成甘油和脂肪酸。这三种酶是脂肪酶、甘油二酯脂肪酶、甘油单酯脂肪酶。

其中对激素敏感的脂肪酶是限制脂解速度的限速酶。肾上腺素、高血糖素、肾上腺皮质激素等可加速脂解作用,胰岛素、前列腺素E1作用相反,具有抗脂解作用。

2、甘油的降解及转化

甘油经下列途径和相应的酶催化,形成糖酵解中间产物—磷酸二羟丙酮。生成的磷酸二羟丙酮可经糖酵解途径继续分解氧化生成丙酮酸,进入三羧酸循环途径彻底氧化,也可经糖异生途径最后生成葡萄糖,亦可重新转变为3-磷酸甘油,作为体内脂肪和磷脂等的合成原料。

参考资料来源:/baike.baidu.com/item/%E8%84%82%E7%B1%BB/2148239?fr=aladdin&fromid=1318262&fromtitle=%D6%AC%D6%CA"target="_blank"title="百度百科-脂类">百度百科-脂类

回答3:

答:脂质分子是由甘油和3个脂肪酸脂化成的。值得注意的是,脂质并非蛋白质、淀粉那样的高分子化合物,因此组成脂质是没有基本单位的。
关于脂质:
【定义】不溶于水而能被乙醚、氯仿、苯等非极性有机溶剂抽提出的化合物脂类分子式,统称脂类。
【生物体内功能】1.最重要的能量储存物质
2.保持体温
3.缓冲体内脏器的摩擦和冲击
4.有的脂类是激素,可以调节体内新陈代谢,比如性激素和类固醇,皮质激素
5.磷脂还是细胞膜的重要组成部分
【组成元素】C、H、O是基本组成元素,也有部分脂质含N、P等元素。
【参考资料】搜狗百科:脂质

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