推荐回答(4个)
长期噪音会干扰生活工作、损伤听力、诱发多种疾病。
40分贝是正常的环境声音,一般被认为是噪声的卫生标准。在此以上便是有害的噪声,噪声对人的危害相当大。50分贝左右的噪声会影响休息和睡眠,进而影响到人体的正常生理功能。70分贝以上的噪声能使人心烦意乱,精神不集中,不但降低工作效率,还可能引起事故。如果长时间在90分贝以上的噪声环境中生活,会损害听力,并出现头痛、恶心、心率加快,血压不稳等症状。
噪声的危害归纳起来主要表现为以下几方面:
一、干扰生活工作:
睡眠是人消除疲劳、恢复体力和维持健康的一个重要条件。但是噪声会影响人的睡眠质量和数量,老年人和病人对噪声干扰更敏感。当睡眠受到干扰而辗转不能入睡时,就会出现呼吸频繁、脉博跳动加剧,神经兴奋等现象,第二天会觉得疲倦、易累,从而影响工作效率。久而久之,就会引起失眠、耳鸣多梦、疲劳无力、记忆力衰退,在医学上称为神经衰弱症候群。在高噪声环境下,这种病的发病率可达50~60%。
据统计,噪声会使劳动生产率降低10~50%,随着噪声的增加,差错率上升。由此可见,噪声会分散人的注意力,导致反应迟钝,容易疲劳,工作效率下降,差错率上升。噪声还会掩蔽安全信号,如报警信号和车辆行驶信号等,以致造成事故。
二、损伤听力:
噪声对人体最直接的危害是听力损伤。人们在进入强噪声环境时,暴露一段时间,会感到双耳难受,甚至会出现头痛等感觉。离开噪声环境到安静的场所休息一段时间,听力就会逐渐恢复正常。这种现象叫做暂时性听阈偏移,又称听觉疲劳。但是,如果人们长期在强噪声环境下工作,听觉疲劳不能得到及时恢复,且内耳器官会发生器质性病变,即形成永久性听阈偏移,又称噪声性耳聋。若人突然暴露于极其强烈的噪声环境中,听觉器官会发生急剧外伤,引起鼓膜破裂出血,迷路出血,螺旋器从基底膜急性剥离,可能使人耳完全失去听力,即出现暴震性耳聋。
三、诱发多种疾病:
因为噪声通过听觉器官作用于大脑中枢神经系统,以致影响到全身各个器官,故噪声除对人的听力造成损伤外,还会给人体其它系统带来危害。由于噪声的作用,会产生头痛、脑胀、耳鸣、失眠、全身疲乏无力以及记忆力减退等神经衰弱症状。长期在高噪声环境下工作的人与低噪声环境下的情况相比,高血压、动脉硬化和冠心病的发病率要高2~3倍。可见噪声会导致心血管系统疾病。噪声也可导致消化系统功能紊乱,引起消化不良、食欲不振、恶心呕吐,使肠胃病和溃疡病发病率升高。此外,噪声对视觉器官、内分泌机能及胎儿的正常发育等方面也会产生一定影响。在高噪声中工作和生活的人们,健康水平逐年下降,对疾病的抵抗力减弱,诱发一些疾病。
长期处于噪音的环境下,对身体影响不大。主要的是我对自己的听力会有影响。长期生活在这种环境下,会造成听力下降。
长期噪音环境下对身体的伤害较大,应尽可能做好防护和减少工作时间为好。
一、长期噪音环境下,必定导致听力下降;
二、对消化功能造成影响,导致饮食减退,逐渐消瘦;
三、伤害神经系统,致使头晕、失眠、烦躁、焦虑症状产生。
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