在java中如何读取properties文件

2024-12-07 04:05:58
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

最常用读取properties文件的方法
InputStream in = getClass().getResourceAsStream("资源Name");这种方式要求properties文件和当前类在同一文件夹下面。如果在不同的包中,必须使用:
InputStream ins = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream("/cn/zhao/properties/testPropertiesPath2.properties");
Java中获取路径方法
获取路径的一个简单实现
反射方式获取properties文件的三种方式

1 反射方式获取properties文件最常用方法以及思考:
Java读取properties文件的方法比较多,网上最多的文章是"Java读取properties文件的六种方法",但在Java应用中,最常用还是通过java.lang.Class类的getResourceAsStream(String name) 方法来实现,但我见到众多读取properties文件的代码中,都会这么干:

InputStream in = getClass().getResourceAsStream("资源Name");

这里面有个问题,就是getClass()调用的时候默认省略了this!我们都知道,this是不能在static(静态)方法或者static块中使用的,原因是static类型的方法或者代码块是属于类本身的,不属于某个对象,而this本身就代表当前对象,而静态方法或者块调用的时候是不用初始化对象的。

问题是:假如我不想让某个类有对象,那么我会将此类的默认构造方法设为私有,当然也不会写别的共有的构造方法。并且我这个类是工具类,都是静态的方法和变量,我要在静态块或者静态方法中获取properties文件,这个方法就行不通了。

那怎么办呢?其实这个类就不是这么用的,他仅仅是需要获取一个Class对象就可以了,那还不容易啊--
取所有类的父类Object,用Object.class难道不比你的用你正在写类自身方便安全吗 ?呵呵,下面给出一个例子,以方便交流。
import java.util.Properties;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
* 读取Properties文件的例子
* File: TestProperties.java
* User: leizhimin
* Date: 2008-2-15 18:38:40
*/
public final class TestProperties {
private static String param1;
private static String param2;

static {
Properties prop = new Properties();
InputStream in = Object. class .getResourceAsStream( "/test.properties" );
try {
prop.load(in);
param1 = prop.getProperty( "initYears1" ).trim();
param2 = prop.getProperty( "initYears2" ).trim();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

/**
* 私有构造方法,不需要创建对象
*/
private TestProperties() {
}

public static String getParam1() {
return param1;
}

public static String getParam2() {
return param2;
}

public static void main(String args[]){
System.out.println(getParam1());
System.out.println(getParam2());
}
}

运行结果:

151
152
当然,把Object.class换成int.class照样行,呵呵,大家可以试试。

另外,如果是static方法或块中读取Properties文件,还有一种最保险的方法,就是这个类的本身名字来直接获取Class对象,比如本例中可写成TestProperties.class,这样做是最保险的方法
2 获取路径的方式:
File fileB = new File( this .getClass().getResource( "" ).getPath());

System. out .println( "fileB path: " + fileB);

2.2获取当前类所在的工程名:
System. out .println("user.dir path: " + System. getProperty ("user.dir"))3 获取路径的一个简单的Java实现
/**

*获取项目的相对路径下文件的绝对路径

*

* @param parentDir

*目标文件的父目录,例如说,工程的目录下,有lib与bin和conf目录,那么程序运行于lib or

* bin,那么需要的配置文件却是conf里面,则需要找到该配置文件的绝对路径

* @param fileName

*文件名

* @return一个绝对路径

*/

public static String getPath(String parentDir, String fileName) {

String path = null;

String userdir = System.getProperty("user.dir");

String userdirName = new File(userdir).getName();

if (userdirName.equalsIgnoreCase("lib")

|| userdirName.equalsIgnoreCase("bin")) {

File newf = new File(userdir);

File newp = new File(newf.getParent());

if (fileName.trim().equals("")) {

path = newp.getPath() + File.separator + parentDir;

} else {

path = newp.getPath() + File.separator + parentDir

+ File.separator + fileName;

}

} else {

if (fileName.trim().equals("")) {

path = userdir + File.separator + parentDir;

} else {

path = userdir + File.separator + parentDir + File.separator

+ fileName;

}

}

return path;

}

4 利用反射的方式获取路径:
InputStream ips1 = Enumeration . class .getClassLoader() .getResourceAsStream( "cn/zhao/enumStudy/testPropertiesPath1.properties" );

InputStream ips2 = Enumeration . class .getResourceAsStream( "testPropertiesPath1.properties" );

InputStream ips3 = Enumeration . class .getResourceAsStream( "properties/testPropertiesPath2.properties" );

回答2:

最常用读取properties文件的方法 InputStream in = getClass().getResourceAsStream("资源Name");这种方式要求properties文件和当前类在同一文件夹下面。如果在不同的包中,必须使用: InputStream ins = this.getClass().getResourceAsStream(

回答3:

java.util.Properties

void load(InputStream inStream)
Reads a property list (key and element pairs) from the input byte stream.
void load(Reader reader)
Reads a property list (key and element pairs) from the input character stream in a simple line-oriented format.

String getProperty(String key)
Searches for the property with the specified key in this property list.
String getProperty(String key, String defaultValue)
Searches for the property with the specified key in this property list.

回答4:

使用java.util.Properties

1、创建一个Properties对象。
2、使用对象的load方法加载你的property文件。
3、使用getProperty方法取值。
例子:
package com.bill.test;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.util.Properties;

public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
Properties property = new Properties();
property.load(new FileInputStream("你的文件位置"));
String value = property.getProperty("你的属性的key");
//TODO 使用value...
}
}

回答5:

使用java.util.Properties

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