推荐回答(5个)
一、一个实心小球先后放入盛有足够的水和足够多的酒精的两个容器中,小球受到的力分别是0.9牛和0.8牛,酒精的密谋为0.8×103 kg/m3。 1.分析小球在水中和在酒精中的浮沉状态 2.求小球的密度 解:假设小球在水中和在酒精中均不漂浮,或悬浮或一漂一悬,则应有: 因与题目已知条件矛盾,故不可能; 假设小球在水中和在酒精中均为沉底,则应有: 因与题目已知条件矛盾,故也不可能。 由以上分析可知:小球在水中和在酒精中时,只能是一漂一沉。 又因为,所以小球在水中一定是漂浮,在酒精中一定是沉底的。 (2)因小球在水中漂浮, ∴ ① 由已知条件: 得② 将②式代入①式得: 图1 二、体积为1.0×10-3m3的正方体木块,投入如图1所示装有水的容器中,静止后露出水面的高度为5×10-2米,容器的底面积为0.04m2(g取10N/kg)。 求:①木块受到的浮力; ②木块的重力; ③投入木块后,容器底增加的压强 ④若将此木块投入某液体中,露出液面高度为4厘米,求这种液体的密度。 解:①5N;②5N;③125Pa;④0.83×103kg/m3 图2 三、如图2所示电路,电源电压不变,R1的阻值为10欧姆,闭合开关S,滑动变阻器的滑片滑到b点,电压表与的示数之比为5:7,R2与R消耗的功率之和是R1消耗功率的4倍,求: ①通过R1与R2的电流之比 ②滑动变阻器的最大阻值Rab ③滑动变阻器滑片在a、b两点时R1消耗的功率比 解:①1:1;②25欧;③4:1 图3 四、如图3所示,用滑轮组拉着重600N的物体A沿水平方向匀速移动,在40秒内物体移动了8米,接力F做的功为1280焦。求: ①拉力F的大小及拉力的功率 ②若动滑轮的重为12牛(不计绳重及摩擦)计算滑轮组的机械效率 解:①80N, 32w;②92.5% 图4 五、如图4所示的电路中,R1、R2为定值电阻,灯L上标有“16V4W”的字样,电源电压保持不变。 ①闭合开关S、S1、S2,电流表的示数为0.35安,此时,灯L恰能正常发光,求电阻R1的大小; ②闭合开关S,断开开关S1、S2,电压表的示数较①中变化了3.2伏,求此时电阻R2消耗的电功率(灯丝电阻不变) 解:①160欧;②0.64w; 图5 六、如图5所示电路中,电源电压保持不变,闭合开关S,已知当滑片P分别滑至a端和b端时,电阻R1消耗的电功率之比P1:P2=9:4。当滑片在a端时,电流表的示数为3安培,滑片P在 b端时,电压表的示数为6伏特,求: ①电阻R1的阻值和滑动变阻器的最大阻值R2 ②电源电压是多少伏特 解:①R1=6欧,R2=3欧;②18V; 图6 七、如图6所示的电路中,R1=400欧,R3=20欧,电源电压U=12伏,且保持不变,当S1、S2断开时,电流表的示数为0.1安,求: ①R2的阻值 ②S1、S2闭合时电流表的示数 ③S1、S2闭合时,能电10秒钟电路产生的热量。 解:①100欧;②0.15A;③18焦;
百度文库——重庆南开中学物理压轴题 (没有答案)
基本上都是各大城市的最后一道 针对性极强
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