推荐回答(5个)
柳属的形态特征如下:
乔木或匍匐状、垫状、直立灌木。枝圆柱形,髓心近圆形。无顶芽,侧芽通常紧贴枝上,芽鳞单一。叶互生,稀对生,通常狭而长,多为披针形,羽状脉,有锯齿或全缘;叶柄短;具托叶,多有锯齿,常早落,稀宿存。
葇荑花序直立或斜展,先叶开放,或与叶同时开放,稀后叶开放;苞片全缘,有毛或无毛,宿存,稀早落;雄蕊2-多数,花丝离生或部分或全部合;腺体1-2(位于花序轴与花丝之间者为腹腺,近苞片者为背腺);雌蕊由2心皮组成,子房无柄或有柄,花柱长短不一,或缺,单1或分裂,柱头1-2,分裂或不裂。蒴果2瓣裂;种子小。多暗褐色。
扩展资料:
杨柳,落叶乔木,高10~12米。
有长而下垂的枝,小枝褐色无毛,幼时微有毛。
叶披针形至线状披针形,长9~16厘米,宽5~15毫米,先端长渐尖,基部楔形,边缘具细锯齿,上面绿色,下面带白色,侧脉15~30对;叶柄长6~12毫米。
花单性,雌雄异株;葇荑花序先叶开放或与叶同时开放;总梗有短柔毛;雄花序长1.5~2厘米,雌花序长达5厘米;苞片圆形至线状披针形,早落;雄花有2腺体,雄蕊2,分离,基部具长柔毛;雌花有一腺体,子房无毛,无柄,花柱极短,柱头2裂。
参考资料来源:百度百科-柳树
参考资料来源:百度百科-柳枝
柳树是一类植物的总称:旱柳 Salix matsudana Koidz.、腺柳 Salix chaenomeloides Kimura、垂柳 Salix babylonica Linn.、枫杨 Pterocarya stenoptera C. DC.
柳树种类多,容易 杂交。杂种生长势和适应性强,易无性繁殖,可从天然或人工杂种群体内选择,通过无性繁殖,获得优良无性系品种;另外,也可用植物组织培养的方法快速获取大量优质树苗。以园林观赏为主的育种,应重点改良其枝叶及树形,提高抗污染、耐修剪整形的能力。
主要用于园林观赏,小区,园林,学校,工厂,山坡、庭院、路边、建筑物前。盛开时,树枝展向柳树四方,使庭院青条片片,具有很高的观赏价值;实为美化庭院之理想树种。
柳树的形态特征如下:
1.乔木或匍匐状、垫状、直立灌木。枝圆柱形,髓心近圆形。无顶芽,侧芽通常紧贴枝上,芽鳞单一。叶互生,稀对生,通常狭而长,多为披针形,羽状脉,有锯齿或全缘;叶柄短;具托叶,多有锯齿,常早落,稀宿存。
2.葇荑花序直立或斜展,先叶开放,或与叶同时开放,稀后叶开放;苞片全缘,有毛或无毛,宿存,稀早落;雄蕊2-多数,花丝离生或部分或全部合;腺体1-2(位于花序轴与花丝之间者为腹腺,近苞片者为背腺);雌蕊由2心皮组成,子房无柄或有柄,花柱长短不一,或缺,单1或分裂,柱头1-2,分裂或不裂。蒴果2瓣裂;种子小。多暗褐色。
柳树对环境条件要求不严,各种地方都适合。
垂柳主要分布在江南水乡,北方也有栽培,是一个广布种,适应性非常强,引种成功的杂交柳适应性也很强。耐水湿,根系发达,固土能力强。喜光,不耐荫。对土壤要求不严,杂交柳在含盐量0.5%的海涂上也能生长。
主要害虫:金龟子、刺蛾、天牛。
防治:金龟子,敌敌畏或甲胺膦800~1000倍稀释液喷治;刺蛾,氧化乐果和久效磷800倍液喷治;天牛采用40%氧化乐果打孔注射。
“旱柳”,属于杨柳科柳属(SalixmatsudanaKoidz.)。它耐寒性较强,在年平均温度摄氏2度,绝对最低温度摄氏零下39度条件下,无冻害。喜欢湿润、排水良好的沙壤土,在河滩、沟谷、低湿地能成林、成材,在干旱梁地、沙丘地造林成活率低,植株容易干梢死亡或长成小老树。在粘土及积水低湿地易烂根、枯梢死亡。在含盐量0.3%的轻盐碱地上可生长。
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