低血压人群应该多吃些什么忌吃什么

2025-01-22 12:46:37
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

高血压饮食宝典
三餐
饮食安排应少量多餐,避免过饱;高血压患者常较肥胖,必须吃低热能食物,总热量宜控制在每天8.36兆焦左右,每天主食150-250克,动物性蛋白和植物性蛋白各占50%。不伴有肾病或痛风病的高血压病人,可多吃大豆、花生、黑木耳或白木耳及水果。晚餐应少而清淡,过量油腻食物会诱发中风。食用油要用含维生素e和亚油酸的素油;不吃甜食。多吃高纤维素食物,如笋、青菜、大白菜、冬瓜、番茄、茄子、豆芽、海蜇、海带、洋葱等,以及少量鱼、虾、禽肉、脱脂奶粉、蛋清等。
低盐
每人每天吃盐量应严格控制在2-5克,即约一小匙。食盐量还应减去烹调用酱油中所含的钠,3毫升酱油相当于1克盐。咸(酱)菜、腐乳、咸肉(蛋)、腌制品、蛤贝类、虾米、皮蛋、以及茼蒿菜、草头、空心菜等蔬菜含钠均较高,应尽量少吃或不吃。
高钾
富含钾的食物进入人体可以对抗钠所引起的升压和血管损伤作用,可以在食谱中经常"露面"。这类食物包括豆类、冬菇、黑枣、杏仁、核桃、花生、土豆、竹笋、瘦肉、鱼、禽肉类,根茎类蔬菜如苋菜、油菜及大葱等,水果如香蕉、枣、桃、橘子等。鱼不论对哪种高血压患者,鱼是首选的,因为流行病学调查发现,每星期吃一次鱼的比不吃鱼者,心脏病的死亡率明显低。
果蔬
每天人体需要b族维生素、维生素c,可以通过多吃新鲜蔬菜及水果来满足。有人提倡,每天吃1-2只苹果,有益于健康,水果还可补充钙,钾、铁、镁等。补钙有人让高血压患者每天服1克钙,8星期后发现血压下降。因此应多吃些富含钙的食品,如黄豆、葵花子、核桃、牛奶、花生、鱼虾、红枣、鲜雪里蕻、蒜苗、紫菜等。
补铁
研究发现,老年高血压患者血浆铁低于正常,因此多吃豌豆、木耳等富含铁的食物,不但可以降血压,还可预防老年人贫血。
饮水
天然矿泉水中含锂、锶、锌、硒、碘等人体必需的微量元素,煮沸后的水因产生沉淀,对人体有益的钙、镁、铁、锌等会明显减少,因此对符合标准的饮用水宜生喝。茶叶内含茶多酚,且绿茶中的含量比红茶高,它可防止维生素c氧化,有助于维生素c在体内的利用,并可排除有害的铬离子。此外还含钾、钙、镁、锌、氟等微量元素。因此每天用4-6克茶叶(相当于2-3杯袋泡茶)冲泡,长期服用,对人体有益。
以上饮食原则,高血压病人若能落到实处,持之以恒,必会有益于健康。

回答2:

你好
饮食调理

治疗低血压病,饮食疗法也是治疗本病的有力措施之 一,可逐渐提高患者的身体素质,改善心血管功能,增加心肌收缩力,增加心脏排血量,提高动脉管壁紧张度,从而逐步使血压上升并稳定在正常水平,消除低血压带来的种种不适症状。低血压病人的饮食选择包括下列几点:

1、晕素兼吃,合理搭配饮食,保证摄入全面充足的营养物质,使体质从纤弱逐渐变得健壮。

2、如伴有红细胞过低,血红蛋白不足的贫血症,宜适当多吃富含蛋白质、铁、铜、叶酸、维生素B12、维生素 C 等“造血原料”的食物,诸如猪肝、蛋黄、瘦肉、斗奶、鱼虾、贝类、大豆、豆腐、红糖及新鲜蔬菜、水果。

3、莲子、桂圆、大枣、桑椹等果品,具有养心益血、健脾补脑之功效,可常食用。

4、宜适当食用能刺激食欲的食物和调味品,如姜、葱、醋、酱油、糖、胡椒、辣椒、啤酒、葡萄酒等。

5、与高血压病相反,本病宜选择适当的高钠、高胆固醇饮食。氯化钠(即食盐)每日需摄足 12~15 克。含胆固醇多的脑、肝、蛋、奶油、鱼卵、猪骨等食物,适量常吃,有利于提高血胆固醇浓度,增加动脉紧张度,使血压上升。

6、常吃生姜,能促进消化、健胃、升高血压。可将姜末撒于菜汤中或用姜末泡水代茶。

7、少吃冬瓜、西瓜、芹菜、山楂、苦瓜、绿豆、大蒜、海带、洋葱、葵花子等具降压效应的食品。

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