怎么评价甘地

2024-12-02 03:09:48
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

按照辩证法的观点,评价历史人物应该遵循辩证的、一分为二的方法。
积极的一面:他的头衔“Mahatma”,(一般汉译为“圣雄”)来源于梵语的敬语mahatman, 原意“Great Souled”,伟大的灵魂, 却常被误以为是他的名字。这在他授予泰戈尔"Gurudev"的称号,意即“伟大的导师”后,1915年印度诗人拉宾德拉那·泰戈尔(Rabindranath Tagore)赠予他的尊称,意为合圣人与英雄于一身。
这个头衔的使用在印度以外也被广泛地接受, 可能部分的反映出在他的时代印度和英国的复杂关系。 无论如何,这个头衔的广泛使用是同世界上对甘地这样一个对于非暴力和自己的宗教信仰的极其执着的人的广泛接受相一致的。
消极的一面:但甘地的非暴力与不合作是相辅相成的两个方面:一方面,用不合作来发动群众,反对英国殖民者,迫使殖民当局做出有利于资产阶级的让步;另一方面,又用非暴力来限制群众运动,防止社会改良转变为革命,把群众运动控制在资产阶级利益所能容许的范围内,因而在运动中表现出极大的局限性、妥协性。

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