英语中"反意疑问句"是什么啊?

反意疑问句
一、什么是反意疑问句

英语中，反意疑问句是由陈述句和附在其后的附加疑问句组成。其中附加疑问句是对陈述句所说的事实或观点提出疑问，起证实作用，一般用于证实说话者所说的事实或观点。

二、反意疑问句用法说明

◇注意：

反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是，“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯定疑问”

简略问句如果是否定式，not应与be，do，will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写

简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词

当说话者的目的不在疑问，而是为了加强语气时，用降调
当说话者的目的在疑问，则用升调

陈述部分含“too...to”时，是否定句

1) 陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't I.

I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?
（我和你姐姐一样高，对吗？）

2) 陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。

I wish to have a word with you, may I?
（我希望可以和你说话，可以吗？）

3) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。

The Swede made no answer, did he / she?

Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

4) 含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。

He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?

5) 陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?

6) 陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?

7) 陈述部分有had better + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?

You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

8) 陈述部分有would rather +v.，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?

9) 陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

He must be a doctor, isn't he?

You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?

He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?

11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。

What colours, aren't they?

What a smell, isn't it?

12) 陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?

13) 陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。

Everything is ready, isn't it?

14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：

a. 并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

Mr. Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?

b. 带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：

He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?

He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?

c. 上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?

We believe she can do it better, can't she?

15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。

Everyone knows the answer, don't they? (does he?)

Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。

We need not do it again, need we ?

He dare not say so, dare you?

当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?

17) 省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。

Don't do that again, will you?

Go with me, will you / won't you ?

注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shan't we) ?

Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you（或won't you）?

Let's go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shan't we)?

Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或won't you）?

18) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

There will not be any trouble, will there?

19) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it?

He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

20) must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。

He must be there now, isn't he?

It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?

快速记忆表

陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分

I aren't I

Wish may +主语

no,nothing,nobody,never,

few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义

rarely, little等否定

含义的词

ought to（肯定的） shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语

have to+v.(had to+v.) don't +主语(didn't +主语)

used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语

had better + v. hadn't you

would rather + v. wouldn't +主语

you'd like to + v. wouldn't +主语

must 根据实际情况而定

感叹句中 be +主语

Neither…nor,

either…or 连接的根 据其实际逻辑意义而定

并列主语

指示代词或不定代词

everything,that, 主语用it

nothing,this

并列复合句 谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定

定语从句,宾语从句的

主从复合句 根据主句的谓语而定

think,believe,expect,

suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句

everybody,anyone,

somebody,nobody,no one 复数they, 单数he

情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语

dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语

省去主语的祈使句 will you？

there be 相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词）

否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式

must表"推测" 根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句

Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we？§Let us 开头的祈使句 Will you？

『补：Let's和Let us的区别』

◇1.Let's是Let us的缩写。包括说话人和听话人双方在内，含有催促、建议或请对方一起行动的意思。在听话人表示赞同建议时可只用Let's.如：
---Shall we go by train？
---Yes，let's.

◇2.当请求对方允许自己（第一人称复数）做某事时，要用Let us，这里的 us 不包括听话对方在内，不能缩写为Let's.
如两个同学对老师说：
Please let us remove the bookshelf for you.
让我俩给你移动一下书架。

◇3.两者在构成附加疑问句时，方法不同。如：
Let's go to see the film,shall we ?
咱们去看电影，好吗？
Let us go to see the film,will you?
让我们去看电影，好吗？

1． 两种形式的反意疑问句
[Have]1．You have a sister, do /have you ?
2.You don`t have an English dictionary, do you ?
3. She hasn`t a pen ,has she ?
Have/has/had/构成现在完成时时也应看成助动词,反意疑问句保留Have/has/had/.Have的其他用法一律看成一般实义动词,翻译疑问句需要借助于助动词do/does/did来完成:
He has been to Beijing ,hasn`t he ?
You have to do it ,don`t you ?
[ought to ]You ought to help her,oughtn`t /shouldn`t you ?
[need,dare]:作情态动词时反意疑问句保留自身，实义动词时翻译疑问句应借助于助动词do/does/did
You needn`t hurry ,need you ?
He needs to start at once,doesn`t he?
He daren`t go there alone,dare he ?
2.主语特殊的翻译疑问句.
陈述句主语为someone, somebody,no one,nobody,anyone,anybody,everyone,everybody...反义疑问句主语为they
Nobody knows it，do they？
陈述句主语为everything，anything，nothing，something...--->it
Everything has been done on how to prevent the pollution,hasn`t it?
主语为man时,--->he
Man is the master of his own fate,isn`t he?
主语为one时,--->you/one
One should study hard,shouldn`t one /you ?
3.动词特殊的反义疑问句
may/must/cann`t+do 表示对现在情况进行推测,反义疑问句用一般现在时.
He may /must be the headmaster ,isn`t he?
He cann`t be serious,is he?
may/must/cann`t +have done +过去时间状语,表对过去情况进行推测,反义疑问句应用一般过去时.
It may/must have snowed last week,didn`t it?
he cann`t have gone home last night ,did he >
may/must/cann`t +have done 用于现在完成时表推测,反义疑问句应保留现在完成时.
He may /must have known the news,hasn`t he ?
He cann`t have done it,has he ?
4.陈述句含否定词的反义疑问句.
陈述句含hardly,scarely,barely.never.seldom.little...和半否定词时,反义疑问句用肯定形式.
This meeting is unimportant,isn`t it?
5.陈述句主谓结构特殊的反义疑问句
陈述结构为I`m时,反义疑问句应用aren`t/ain`t I
I`m a boy ,aren`t/ain`t I?
陈述句主谓结构为I think /believe/suppose/image时反义疑问句应和从句保持一致
I think she is a thief ,isn`t she?
当主谓结构部分为否定式时,它只构成形式否定,意义否定应在从句,所以反义疑问句应用肯定式.
I don`t believe she has gone home,has she ?
6.陈述句为主从复合句的反义疑问句
陈述句为各种主从复合句均应和主句保持一致
He said she was a student ,didn`t he ?
When he does there, he will go to see her,won`t he?

If you don`t start early ,you will be late ,won`t you ?
7.陈述句为感叹句时的反义疑问句
感叹句的反义疑问句一律用否定式,动词一律用be动词
What a clever girl,isn`t she?
8.强调句或类似强调句的反义疑问句

强调句或类似强调句的反义疑问句一律和句首的It is/ was 保持一致
It was last Sunday that he went to Beijing,wasn`t it?
It is 5 years since he joined the army,isn`t it?
9.祈使句的反义疑问句
祈使句的反义疑问句一律用will you
Don`t go there ,will you ?
*Let`s go home ,shall we?
let us go home ,will you ?
let him go home ,will you ?
10.陈述句含约定俗成特殊短语的反义疑问句
当陈述句含had better/best,would/should like to ,would rather 等约定速成特殊短语时,反义疑问句应保留第一个词.
He had better do more reading,hadn`t he?
You would like to do it ,wouldn`t you ?

就是在句末加否定(即与意思相反）的疑问形式

比如说

你爱我，不是么？

You love me,don't you?

你不爱我，不是么？

You don't love me,do you?

他是好人，不是吗？

He is a good man,isn't he?

但是像有些不含有否定词not的否定句（比如never 等）
应该加肯定的疑问句
比如

他从来不爱我，不是吗？

He never love me,do he?

希望你的英语能更上一层楼

反意疑问句特例集锦
1．当陈述部分的主语是I，而句子又用来征询对方的意见时，反意疑问句中的主语用you。如：
I find English very interesting, don’t you? I don’t like that film, do you?
2．当陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, someone, nobody, no one, somebody等合成代词时，反意疑问句中的主语通常用they。但亦可用he，尤其是nobody, no one等做主语，具有否定概念时。如： Somebody phoned while I was out, didn’t=t they?
Everyone enjoyed the party, didn’t’t they?
Nobody wants to go there, does he?
3．当陈述部分的主语是不定代词everything, nothing, anything, something时， 反意疑问句中的主语一般用it，不用they。如：
Everything seems all right now, doesn’t’t it?
Nothing is kept in good order, is it?
Something must be done to stop pollution, isn't it?
4.当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this, that或these, those时，反意疑问句中的主语分别用it和they。如：
This is important, isn't it?
That isn't correct, is it?
These are your friends Tom and Jack, aren’t’t they?
5.如果陈述部分是以代词one做主语，反意疑问句中的主语在正式场合用one，非正式场合用you,在美国英语中，在非正式场合还可以用he。如：
One can't be too careful, can one? 或can you?
One should do his duty, shouldn't he?
6．如果陈述部分用I'm…结构，反意疑问部分一般用aren't I。如：
I am strong and healthy aren't I。
7．当陈述句为there be结构时，反意疑问句中的主语也用there。如：
There’s no help for it, is there?
There's something wrong, isn't there?
8．陈述部分带有seldom, hardly, never, rarely, few, little, nowhere, nothing等否定词或半否定词时，反意疑问部分的动词用肯定形式。如：
Bob rarely got drunk, did he?
Few people know him, do they?
She seldom goes to the cinema, does she?
如果陈述部分的否定词带有否定前缀，那么，该陈述部分作肯定处理，附加疑问部分一般仍用否定形式。如： He was unsuccessful, was’t he? Tom dislikes the book, doesn't he?
9．当陈述部分为主从复合句时，反意疑问部分一般应与主句的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系。如：
She says that I did it, doesn’t’t she? I told them not everybody could do it ,didn’t’t I?
但当陈述部分的主语是I，谓语是think, believe, suppose, expect这类动词时，反意疑问部分则往往与从句中的主语和谓语动词保持对应关系，但要注意否定的转移。
I suppose that he's serious isn't he? I don't think she cares, does she?