推荐回答(2个)
由于方差是数据的平方,与检测值本身相差太大,人们难以直观的衡量,所以常用方差开根号换算回来这就是我们要说的标准差。
在统计学中样本的均差多是除以自由度(n-1),它是意思是样本能自由选择的程度。当选到只剩一个时,它不可能再有自由了,所以自由度是n-1。
标准差是一组数值自平均值分散开来的程度的一种测量观念。一个较大的标准差,代表一组数据里大部分的数值和其平均值之间差异较大;一个较小的标准差,代表这些数值较接近平均值。
计算流程如下:首先计算出该组数据里每一个数字与平均值的差,然后将所有的得出差进行平方,接下来求出均值,最后再开方。
扩展资料
标准正态分布又称为u分布,是以0为均数、以1为标准差的正态分布,正态分布的概率密度函数曲线呈钟形,因此人们又经常称之为钟形曲线。
简单的说就是呈现正态分布的一组数据中,靠近中间高点的数字出现的概率要远大于在两侧更远地方出现的概率。
在很多情况下统计数据都会呈现正态分布的构造,比如在样本很大、每一个样本又是类似的独立随机事件。例如能力的高低,学生成绩的好坏,人们的社会态度,行为表现以及身高、体重等身体状态都呈现正态分布。
理解正态分布对理解标准差具有重要的意义,回到上面那张钟形曲线图,如果说平均值可以告诉人们这条曲线最高点在什么位置,那么标准差就可以告诉这条曲线的宽窄程度。
参考资料来源:百度百科-标准差
标准差为任何数都是一种意义,不一定就是1就有不同的意义。
要理解什么是标准差。从几何意义上讲,标准差是:①在一系列离散数据堆里,找出一条数据发展趋势的理想方程,这个理想方程上所对应的点与临近的离散数据点的平均偏差最小,我们把这个偏差为标准差。②人为设定一个理想方程,通过实验得出很多数据,当然这些数据都是离散的。再将这些离散数据与理想方程上的点进行计算比较,得出一个标准偏差值。如果这个偏差值超出人为规定的值,就证明采用的数据离散太大,要去掉一些偏离比较大的数据,以减小标准偏差。
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