鳡鱼在鱼缸里怎么养

2025-01-22 15:56:24
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

鱼缸里一般鸭养不了的,通常是在池塘里养的。
1.池塘要求
编辑本段
池塘面积在2~10亩均可,水深在1.5~2m,塘埂坚实不漏水,排灌方便,池底淤泥厚度不超过20厘米。

2.放养模式与密度
编辑本段
2.1池塘专养
以鳡鱼养殖为主,为调节水质,每亩可搭养少量鲢、鳙鱼。放养密度依池塘条件、管理水平而定。一般每亩可放养3厘米左右的鳡鱼夏花鱼种800尾,50g/尾的鲢鱼和鳙鱼一龄鱼种50尾左右。
2.2鱼蟹混养
在朋鱼塘中适当搭养河蟹,可将一些鳡鱼未吃完的、沉入池底的饲料由河蟹摄取,让其充当“清道夫”,这样,既可减少因残饲腐烂而引起的水质恶化,又可增加养殖效益。一般每亩可放养3厘米左右的鳡鱼夏花鱼种600~800尾,鲢、鳙鱼的放养数量与“专养”相同,每亩再放规格为120~200只/kg的一龄蟹种100~150只左右。同时,在池塘水面适当放养水花生、池底种植水草(苦草或轮叶黑藻)。

3.饲料及投饲方法
编辑本段
鳡鱼是凶猛性鱼类,在天然水域中以活鱼为食。但在人工养殖中,若仍投喂活饵,一是养殖成本较高,二是需配备饲料鱼专养池,并要做到饲料鱼的适口性,较为麻烦。试验表明,鳡鱼经驯化,其食性能由专吃活鱼而变为吃死鱼。因此,鳡鱼的饲料,前期可用活鱼苗,后期为鱼块。鳡鱼的食性驯化可从鱼体长5厘米左右时开始。在体长5厘米以前,应投喂适口的活鱼苗。
3.1活饲料的准备
鳡鱼前期所需的活饵料可用“四大家鱼”的鱼苗。活饵料准备和投喂有二种方法。一是在鳡鱼的养殖塘中直接培育。在鳡鱼下塘前半个月,在每亩塘中放养家鱼水花15~20万尾,按夏花鱼种培育的要求进行培育。家鱼苗长到1.5厘米时,将3厘米左右的鳡鱼鱼种直接放入塘中,以家鱼苗为食。塘中应继续投喂粉状饲料,培育饲料鱼,使饲料鱼与鳡鱼“同步”生长,保证鳡鱼随时有适口的饵料。待鳡鱼长到5厘米左右时,且塘中的活饵已不能满足需求时,开始进行食性的驯化,投喂适口的鱼块;二是用专塘培育活饲料。在养殖塘中用网片围成一块占池塘总面积10%左右的暂养区,放入3厘米左右的鳡鱼鱼种,先投喂活鱼苗,再投喂鱼苗与鱼块的混和料,最后完全投喂鱼块,完成食性的转化后,拆除围网。两种方法相比,前者前期的养殖较为方便,但驯化相对较难,后者则相反。
3.2驯化
选择池底淤泥较少、朝南向阳的塘边作为食场,每天分二次进行驯化,时间为上午9时和下午4时。驯化时,先向食场泼水,几分钟后开始投饵,再重复泼水、投饵,如此循环往复,使鱼形成条件反射,只要一向食场泼水,即会快速汇聚在食场。刚开始时的饵料最好为大小适口的活鱼苗与小杂鱼制成的鱼糜或鱼块的混和物,再过渡到全部用鱼块。
3.3投饲
完成食性的转化后,应定时、定点、定量投喂鱼块,一般上、下午各一次,投喂前先“泼水引鱼”,待鳡鱼聚集于食场后,再投喂鱼块。投喂量依天气、水温和鱼吃食情况而定,一般日投喂量为鱼体重的5%~8%。如以投喂冰冻鱼块为主的,应每隔一定时间补充投喂新鲜鱼块,或在冰冻鱼块中加复合维生素及维生素C。
4.日常管理
编辑本段
4.1加强水质调节
鳡鱼养殖中的日常管理方法与其他鱼类养殖基本相同。在养殖中要注意控制水质,保持水质清新,溶氧丰富,透明度应控制在30cm以上。前期以注水为主,可每隔半个月加水一次,使池水随鱼体增大而不断加深。中后期应适时换水,并定期向池中泼洒生石灰,也可施用复合生物制剂,以改善水质。闷热天气要适时增氧,防止缺氧浮头。
4.2及时分养
鳡鱼抢食凶猛,食量大,生长快,但个体差异很大。因此,养殖中如不及时进行筛选分养,会造成大鱼抢食厉害、吃得多、长得更快,小鱼抢不到食而长得更慢的结果。同时还会出现“大鱼块小鱼吃不进,小鱼块大鱼吃不饱”的现象。最终造成同塘养蕴的体重相差10倍以上的结局。因此,在养殖过程中应根据生长情况,及时进行分养。
4.3病害防治
鳡鱼的池塘养殖刚刚开始,尚未发现特有的病害,但在养殖过程中应注意病害的预防。一是养殖池塘在使用前每亩用75~100Kg的生石灰全池泼洒,以改善池塘底质和杀灭病菌。二是鱼种下塘前要用食盐水进行浸泡消毒。三是饲料鱼要安全卫生,符合相关要求,并定期用漂白粉或强氯精对食场进行消毒。

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