推荐回答（5个）
普通的树木、花、草会从土壤中吸收大量的水分，它吸取的水大部分消耗于蒸腾作用。叶子是主要的蒸腾部位，大部分水分都要从这里跑掉。据生物学家研究，每吸收的100克水有99克从植物体蒸腾跑了，只有1克保存在它体内。叶子越大，蒸发得越快。
在干旱的环境里水分来之不易，仙人掌类植物，由于它长期生长在缺雨少水的沙漠里，为了适应酷旱的环境，经过千千万万年的演变过程，体态变了样。叶子退化了，变成了针状或刺状，这就从根本上减少了蒸腾面。原来那些刺就是仙人掌的叶子呢！
仙人掌的刺也有多种，有的刺变成了白色茸毛，密密麻麻地披在身上。这种白色茸毛可以反射强烈的阳光。这样就可以降低体表温度，也就收到了减少水分蒸腾的功效。
仙人掌一方面最大限度地减少水分的蒸发，另一方面却大量贮存水分。如果不贮水分，沙漠地区雨水少，就随时有干死的可能。于是，仙人掌的茎干变成肉质多浆，根部也深深扎入沙地里，尽可能多地吸收水分。
仙人掌类植物正是以它体态的变化来适应干旱环境，这就是仙人掌长刺的缘故。
在干旱的环境里水分来之不易，仙人掌类植物，由于它长期生长在缺雨少水的沙漠里，为了适应酷旱的环境，经过千千万万年的演变过程，体态变了样。叶子退化了，变成了针状或刺状，这就从根本上减少了蒸腾面。原来那些刺就是仙人掌的叶子呢！
是因为他要保护自己不受到伤害，而且如果开花了，千万别去摘，会刺到你的！
晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕 晕
仙人掌的故乡原本是在大沙漠里，那里既炎热又干燥。开始时，仙人掌身上没有小刺，只有叶子。那叶子每天不知要蒸发掉多少水分！后来随着一代一代的进化，仙人掌为了能在干旱的沙漠里生存下去，就尽量减少水分的散失，并用身体将那些水分小心地储存起来。因此，它的叶子就慢慢地越长越小，最后变成了一根根小刺。所以，这些刺其实是仙人掌的叶子！
一些仙人掌的小刺变成了白色的茸毛，密密麻麻地布满全身。白色茸毛不仅可以减少水分蒸发，还可以反射强烈的太阳光，这样就可以降低休表温度，有得于保存体内的水分了。
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