推荐回答（1个）
1.献公其人
上一期星探为大家讲述了晋国小宗取代大宗的"曲沃代翼"，经过六十余年年（前745-前678年）的厮杀，身为小宗的晋武公终于完成了先辈未竟的事业，以铁与血的方式统一了晋国。武公"代晋二岁而卒"，没来得及品尝胜利的果实便去世，由其子诡诸于前677年继位，即后来的晋献公。在他的故事里，骊姬之乱与申生之死可说是妇孺皆知了。因此，本期就不对其具体过程作太多介绍，而主要是分析其性质与背后的隐藏因素。
提起晋献公，大家脑海中第一时间浮现出的应该是一个目光阴狠的老人形象：
晋献公
为人狠辣而又耽于女色，这样的形象确实如唐代司马贞在《史记·晋世家》后的评语所说，是"献公昏惑，太子罹殃"，给人一种毫无作为的"千古罪人"之感。不过，史籍也给我们提供了晋献公的另一面，《说苑·善说》载：
晋献公之时，东郭民有祖朝者，上书献公曰："草茅臣东郭民祖朝，愿请闻国家之计。"献公使使出告之曰："肉食者已虑之矣。藿食者尚何与焉？"祖朝对曰："大王独不闻古之将曰桓司马者，朝朝其君，举而宴，御呼车，骖亦呼车，御肘其骖曰：'子何越云为乎？何为借呼车？'骖谓其御曰：'当呼者呼，乃吾事也，子当御正子之辔衔耳。子今不正辔衔，使马卒然惊，妄轹道中行人，必逢大敌，下车免剑，涉血履肝者固吾事也。子宁能辟子之辔，下佐我乎？其祸亦及吾身，与有深忧，吾安得无呼车乎？'今大王曰：'食肉者已虑之矣，藿食者尚何与焉？'设使食肉者一旦失计于庙堂之上，若臣等藿食者，宁得无肝胆涂地于中原之野与？其祸亦及臣之身。臣与有其忧深。臣安得无与国家之计乎？"献公召而见之，三日与语，无复忧者，乃立以为师也。
东郭祖朝本是一介布衣，借"骖"与"御"的对话，对献公说明国家大事并非只有权贵才有权关心，身为统治者应当广开言路，否则一旦"肉食者"出现重大失误，作为"藿食者"的平民必然遭殃，国家也将遭难的道理。面对祖朝的"越级上报"，献公最终选择了"召而见之"并立其为师。这里的"三日与语"令人想起后来秦孝公第四次见商鞅时"公与语，不自知厀之前于席也，语数日不厌"的情景。需要指出的是，《说苑》所记载的人物言行和事件带有一定的故事性，但又不同于小说式的"虚构"，考虑到作者刘向曾参与朝廷组织的校书工作，能接触到大量文献，因此此处记载的祖朝上书一事虽不见于《左传》和《史记》等文献，仍然具有史料价值。《说苑》此段记载的晋献公，是一个能够虚心纳谏以广言路的君主形象。
2.女色之乱
这样的人，往往能有所作为，又往往成为一个"马基雅维利"式的君主。献公继位不久，即对内加强君权，对外征伐，延续了晋武公以来的国策，《史记·晋世家》记载：
五年，伐骊戎，得骊姬、骊姬弟，俱爱幸之。
八年，士蔿说公曰："故晋之群公子多，不诛，乱且起。"乃使尽杀诸公子，而城聚都之，命曰绛，始都绛。九年，晋群公子既亡奔虢，虢以其故再伐晋，弗克。十年，晋欲伐虢，士蔿曰："且待其乱。"
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