为什么朱元璋可以一统天下,而曹操不能?

2025-02-07 11:59:46
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

为什么朱元璋可以用十五年一统天下,曹操却不能?笔者整理出了,这几个原因。接下来就和笔者一起去看看吧。

第一个原因:曹孟德所处的汉末,英雄辈出,刘备、孙策、孙权都是旷世英雄,又有诸葛亮、张昭、关张赵、周渝等杰出的政治和军事将领,可以说这些人在大局观和战略战术上都是极端精明的,没有出现像袁绍那样的明显的领导人性格弱点和战略战术失误,也没有袁家兄弟的内讧。更为重要的是,刘备、孙权都是一代雄主,他们在政治上,把国际关系运用到了极致,在调整彼此间关系上,合纵连横,把永恒的国家利益放在首位,除了刘备火烧连营那一次,基本上三国关系的调整都极为准确和及时。而且孙权、刘备在辖地内,都能妥善行政,争取民心,特别是刘备素以仁德之君著称,以皇族血统加身,对待老百姓的攻心政策炉火纯青,基本上刘备在收拾民心上是曹操的对手盘,曹唯才不求德,以无底线的阴谋权术治国,而刘备则把仁德放首位,以兄弟结义起家,治国上知人善用,大打感情牌。刘皇叔的眼泪一抛洒,任你是谋士还是武将,最后都是“执子之手,与子偕老”。

天下格局了然于胸,政治力强的对手才是真对手,所以才有曹操与刘备煮酒论英雄,抽冷子说天下英雄唯使君与操耳。刘备从一无所有到占据荆益之地,又拿到易守难攻的四川作大后方,绝不是一般人,隆中对提前预测出之后数十年的天下形势,都是政治力的表现。而曹操这头,虽然挟天子以令诸侯,整合了汉家力量,但也面临内部的派系冲突与价值观上的冲突,被很多士的阶层看不上,加上曹操公然以权术治家,以权臣自居,贬低道德的力量,猜疑反复,这些都反而加大了外部政治对手盘刘皇叔的人才向心力。被挟的天子和心向大汉的士人事实上也视其为董卓第二,也有矛盾斗争。且孙刘两家联合抗曹,且都有蜀道、长江这样的地利的防守优势,两家政治稳固,人心所向,军事上也不弱,孙权还有水战优势,这都是曹操不能顺利扫平两家的原因。

第二个原因:曹操的军事才能有目共赌,东征西战难逢敌手,其战术之精深令人叹服,同时其政治修养也是非常人所能及,同时,他在书法和诗歌等方面也颇有造诣,并有流芳百世之名作。然而,曹操优点突出,缺点也突出,主要体现在其过于阴险狡诈上,为了实现自己的目的,他可以六亲不认,无所不用其极,为了树立自己的权威,他可以冷酷无情,大开杀戒。如此狠毒,后果是引无数英雄人物竞离营,纷纷转投吴、蜀。比如说蜀地精道地理的张松原本是想把蜀地图献给曹操,结果曹操看不起又矮又丑的他,对其怠慢之极,心灰意冷的他最后选择了和老好人刘备"共结连理",结果曹操自食苦果,失去了一举占领蜀地的良好时机。

还有便是时运不济。曹操在赤壁之战前,拥兵数十万,踏平东吴、生平刘备近在咫尺,但赤壁之战的结果却太出人意料,以曹操脆败告终,其中固然有孙权刘备联手抗敌的原因,但还有天时的原因,比如说曹军不识水性,比如说当时的天气反常,曹军染上温氨等,因天不利我,终于败北。

那为什么朱元璋便可以呢?朱元璋的对手要么是身为异族的残元,要么是政治上不那么给力的各地割据势力,比如陈友谅在政治上、民心上基本也不是对手,天下大乱,群雄并起时,战斗力重要,但政治头脑是否清醒更为重要,政治力强的归附的势力就多,接收胜利果实就快,发展就快,一旦军事优势明显,或者在政策上得人心,看得清形势的人基本就会主动来归附,搭上胜利的战车。所以朱元璋只要扫掉主要对手,后面的局势只要加速发展便可以了。

回答2:

因为朱元璋的对手和曹操的对手不同,把刘备、孙权、诸葛亮、关张、周瑜、陆逊和陈友谅、张士诚和他们的部将换换,

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