elisa过程中有哪些注意事项

2025-02-09 11:05:57
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

  •   ELISA实验通用规则

  •   1、要保证移液枪的准确性,误差不能超过2%.可用水和电子天平进行确定.但最好有专业人员进行矫正.

  •   2、要配备20ul、50ul、100ul、1000ul和排枪各一支.吸取不同的液体后,要更换枪头.即使是吸取标准品时.

  •   3、要在实验前1小时将试剂盒从冰箱中取出,使各种试剂都恢复到室温,以使结果更稳定.

  •   4、实验时,要使底物避光保存.

  •   5、用枪吸取液体时速度不能太快,以免产生气泡而使吸取量不准确.

  •   6、吸取液体时,要用量程和需要量接近的枪去吸,减少误差.

  •   7、将液体加到酶标孔中时,避免枪头和孔内液体接触,可使枪头上的液滴和孔壁接触,液滴会自然流下去.

  •   8、液体全部加完后,可将酶标板在桌子上平行轻轻晃动30秒,混匀液体.也可以用酶标仪的晃动功能.

  •   9、温浴时,要用不干胶或胶带纸封好酶标板,防止水分的蒸发.

  •   10、洗板时,每次洗液加入后,应静置1分钟,使清洗更加彻底.没有洗板机时,倒去液体后,要将酶标板在报纸或毛纸上用力拍干.

  •   11、洗液不够时,可用蒸馏水自行配制PH7.4,0.02M的磷酸缓冲液,加入0.1%的吐温20作为洗液.加入1/1000的叠氮钠后可长期保存.

  •   12、底物是光敏感的,要在临用前现配.

  •   13、检测前,要打开酶标仪,使之稳定10分钟以上.

  •   14、底物有一定的毒性,终止液对皮肤有腐蚀性,应尽量避免接触.

  •   15、待检样品要澄清,否则会影响结果.

  •   16、温浴时间应遵守试剂盒规定.

  •   17、应尽量做双孔实验,这样才能保证数据的准确性.

  •   18、对结果有疑问的样品要用其它方法进行确证.

  •   二、下面所提到的是针对我公司的ELISA产品会出现的问题及解决办法

  •   1.加入反应终止液后,没有吸光值或吸光值偏低.

  •   a.原因:未加入酶标记物.

  •   解决办法:请按照操作步骤进行.

  •   b.原因:试剂盒内容物未能充分回.

  •   解决办法:确定试剂盒内容物回温后再进行操作.

  •   c.原因:室温太低.

  •   解决办法:若室温太低(25℃).

  •   解决办法:若无法降低室内温度,请适当缩短步骤4的温育时间.

  •   b.原因:底物溶液受到污染.

  •   解决办法:若发现底物溶液已呈现淡蓝色,请不要再使用.

  •   c.原因:反应时间超过太久.

  •   解决办法:请控制反应时间.

  •   d.原因:酶标记物污染了盒内其它试剂.

  •   解决办法:使用过的吸头应立即丢弃,可避免试剂间相互污染,凡是试剂(特别是酶标记物与底物溶液)接触过的容器应立即清洗干净.(先以漂白水浸泡,再以清水冲洗干净,可确保无残留)

  •   4.阴性标准品的吸光值低于阳性标准品的吸光值.

  •   a.原因:微孔中的试剂未能充分混合.

  •   解决办法:试剂加完后,需轻敲盘四周使其充分混合均匀.

  •   b.原因:洗板过程发生问题(同2-f.).

  •   解决办法:请参考2-f.

  •   c.原因:添加样品或酶标记物的量不一致.

  •   解决办法:请参考2-d.


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