一元二次方程根与系数的关系笔记

2025-02-06 03:04:25
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

学习一元二次方程首先必须掌握它的基本概念,就初中阶段所学的方程分为两类:一类是分式方程;另一类是整式方程。一元二次方程是整式方程的一个类型,它只含一个未知数,且未知数最高指数是2。在解题过程中,当碰到未知数的指数含字母或者二次项系数含字母时,我们就要能用方程的定义来求字母值。

学好一元二次方程的第二个要求就是要会解一元二次方程,一元二次方程属于高次方程;所以我们解题的基本思路就是降次,其主要方法有四种:(1)直接开方法;(2)因式分解法;(3)配方法;(4)公式法。需要能根据方程的基本特征选择恰当的方法。

根的判别式是一元二次方程这章的高频考点,它在初中数学中有着广泛应用。在用该知识解决有关问题时,需要注意分类讨论思想。若方程给出时未指明是二次方程,后面也未指明方程有两个根,则一定要对方程进行分类讨论,如果二次项系数为0,方程有可能是一元一次方程;如果二次项系数不为0,方程是一元二次方程,可能会有两个实数根或无实数根。

一元二次方程的应用是这章的难点,它主要有5个类型。在解题时需要记住每种类型的基本等量关系。尤其关注百分率问题、几何图形的面积问题和利润问题。我们需要重视两盒量之间的匹配关系,设好未知数,找好等量关系,也就能化难为易。
一元二次方程在整个初中都具有举足轻重的作用,需要各位小伙伴在学习的过程中,一定要牢记这四个知识点,夯实基础。

回答2:

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一元二次方程根与系数的关系讲义
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一元二次方程根与系数的关系(韦达定理)
一、 韦达定理:
1、的求根公式: 当时,
2、定理的推导

3、定理的内容:
(1) 若,为的两根: 则 ,
[注:这就是一元二次方程根与系数的关系,常称为韦达定理]
(2) 若,为的两根: 则 ,
二、 韦达定理的应用:
(一)已知一根,求另一根及字母系 数的问题。
例 1、已知方程的一个根是,求另一个根及的值。
(二)求关于两根的对称代数式的值。
例2、 设,方程的两个根,求下列代数式的值。(先写+=?, =?)
(1) (2) (3)(4) (5) (6)

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