急要很短的文言文!译文与原文都要!

越多越好!~谢谢拉~!
2025-02-18 18:48:28
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

  1《共工怒触不周山》
原文:昔者共工与颛顼争为帝,怒而触不周山,天柱折,地维绝.天倾西北,故日月星辰移焉;地不 满西南,故水潦尘埃归焉."
译文:从前,共工与颛顼争为帝王(共工:传说中的部落首领.颛顼:传说中的五帝之一,黄帝轩辕氏的孙子),(共工)发怒撞不周之山(触:碰,撞.不周山:传说中的一座大山),支撑天的柱子折了(按,古人认为天圆地方,天有八根柱子支撑,地的四角有大绳拴挂),系挂地的绳子断了.天向西北方倾斜,所以日月星辰都朝西北方移动(焉:代词兼语气词,与“于是”或“于此”相当);大地的东南角陷塌了,所以江河泥沙朝东南角流去(潦:积水.水潦,这里泛指大地上的江河.尘埃:尘土,这里指泥沙.归:归向,这里指流向).
2《夸父逐日》
原文:夸父与日逐走,入日.渴,欲得饮,饮于河、渭,河、渭不足,北饮大泽.未至,道渴而死.弃其杖.化为邓林.
译文:夸父追赶太阳,追至太阳身边,因炎热而口渴,喝干了江河仍嫌不足,于是,欲饮沼泽之水,未等喝到,不幸渴死.手杖弃于路边,竞长成一片桃林.
3《精卫填海》
原文:发鸠之山,其上多枯木,有鸟焉,其状如乌,文首,白喙,赤足,名曰精卫,其鸣自詨.是炎帝之少女,名曰女娃.女娃游于东海,溺而不返,故为精卫,常衔西山之木石,以堙于东海.漳水出焉,东流注于河.
译文: 太阳神炎帝有一个小女儿,名叫女娃,是他最钟爱的女儿.炎帝不仅管太阳,还管五谷和药材.他事情很多,每天一大早就要去东海,指挥太阳升起,直到太阳西沉才回家.
16 按图索骥
《汉书•梅福传》
[原文]
伯乐《相马经》有“隆颡蛈日①,蹄如累麴”之语②.其子执《马经》以求马,出见大蟾蜍③,谓其父曰:“得一马,略与相同,但蹄不如累麴尔!”伯乐知其子之愚,但转怒为笑曰:“此马好跳,不堪御也④.”
[译文]
伯乐《相马经》中有“高高的额头,眼睛鼓起,马蹄像叠起来的酒药饼子”之类的话.他的儿子,拿着父亲写的《相马经》,到处找好马.他按照书上所绘的图形去找,发现有一只癞蛤蟆很像书中写的千里马的特征,便高兴地把癞蛤蟆带回家,对父亲说:“我找到一匹千里马,只是蹄子不像叠起来的酒药饼子.”父亲知道儿子愚笨,不生气反而笑道:“这马喜欢跳,不好驾驭.”
5.掩耳盗铃
出处:战国•吕不韦《吕氏春秋•自知》
【原文】范氏之亡也①,百姓有得钟者②.欲负而走③,则钟大不可负;以椎毁之④,钟况然有音⑤.恐人闻之而夺已也,遽掩其耳⑥.恶人闻之,可也;恶己自闻之,悖矣.
【译文】智伯消灭范氏的时候,有个人趁机偷了一口钟,准备背着它逃跑.但是,这口钟太大了,不好背,他就打算用锤子砸碎以后再背.
谁知,刚砸了一下,那口钟就"咣"地发出了很大的响声.他生怕别人听到钟声,来把钟夺走了,就急忙把自己的两只耳朵紧紧捂住.
害怕别人听到钟的声音,这是可以理解的;但捂住自己的耳朵就以为别人也听不到了,这就太胡涂了.

回答2:

  徐孺子年九岁,尝月下戏,人语之曰:" 若令月中无物,当极明邪?" 徐曰:" 不然。譬如人眼中有瞳子,无此必不明。"
  徐孺子(徐稚)九岁的时候,曾在月光下玩耍,有人对他说:" 如果月亮中没有什么东西,是不是会更亮呢?" 徐回答:" 不对。这就像人眼中有瞳仁一样,没有它眼睛一定不会亮的。"

  孔文举有二子,大者六岁,小者五岁。昼日父眠,小者床头盗酒饮之,大儿谓曰:" 何以不拜?" 答曰:" 偷,那得行礼!"

  孔文举(孔融)有两个儿子,大的六岁,小的五岁。趁父亲白天睡觉的时候,小儿子到床头偷酒喝,大儿子对他说:" 你怎么不行礼呢?" 小儿子答道:" 偷,怎么能行礼!"

  钟毓、钟会少有令誉,年十三,魏文帝闻之,语其父钟繇曰:" 可令二子来。" 于是敕见。毓面有汗,帝曰:" 卿面何以汗?" 毓对曰:" 战战惶惶,汗出如浆。" 复问会:" 卿何以不汗?" 对曰:" 战战栗栗,汗不敢出。"
  钟毓、钟会兄弟二人少年时就有美名,十三岁的时候,魏文帝(曹丕)听说了兄弟二人的名气,就对他们的父亲钟繇说:" 让你的两个儿子来见我吧。" 于是下令召见。见面时钟毓脸上有汗,文帝问他:" 你脸上怎么出汗了?" 钟毓回答:"战战惶惶,汗出如浆。" 又问钟会:" 你脸上怎么不出汗?" 钟会回答:" 战战栗栗,汗不敢出。"

回答3:

戴盈之曰:“什一,去关市之征,今兹未能。请轻之,以待来年然后已,何如?”孟子曰:“今有人日攘其邻之鸡者,或告之曰:‘是非君子之道。’曰:‘请损之,月攘一鸡,以待来年然后已。’——如知其非义,斯速已矣,何待来年?”

宋国大夫戴盈之说:“税率十分抽一,免除关卡和市场的赋税,今年还办不到,先减轻一些,等到下年然后实行,怎么样?”孟子说:“现在有个每天偷邻居一只鸡的人,有人告诉他说:‘这不是君子的行为。’他便说:‘预备减少一些,先每个月偷一只,等到下年就完全不偷了。’如果知道这种行为不正当,便应赶快停止下来,为什么要等到下年呢?”

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