梨树开花前什么时候喷药最好?

2025-02-15 21:42:30
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

开花前至树盘内撒施土壤菌虫丹100克,施药后浅搂一遍,使农药与土壤充分掺匀。
花期始花期,全树喷1000倍主效氯氰酯一次,预防金龟子为害梨花(无人工授粉条件的果园不能喷这次农药)。
盛花期全树全花喷0.3%硼砂和0.3%尿素及0.5%白砂糖混合液,可有效促进花朵坐果率。
落花后落花后10天至15天后,全树喷800倍多菌灵与1000倍高效氯氰菊酯混合药液二次,间隔7天。主要预防黑星病,霉心及金龟子、椿象等。如加喷1500倍吡虫啉,可兼治潜叶壁虱、木虱和蚜虫。
如有天幕毛虫或舞毒蛾,因药液中有菊酯类药,亦有预防作用。
开花前:
梨树开花前是防治梨实蜂及梨木虱成虫的关键时期,喷布溴氰菊酯2000倍液或功夫菊酯2000倍液,同时兼治梨蚜虫。




开花后:
落花80%时开始喷药,10%吡虫啉粉剂3000倍液+2%阿维菌素2000倍液+丙森锌800倍液,可防治梨木虱、黄粉虫、黑点病等。这是一遍关键药,一定要喷好。
梨树落花后10-15天后,全树喷800倍多菌灵与1000倍高效氯氰菊酯混合药液二次,间隔7天,主要预防黑星病,霉心及金龟子、椿象等。如加喷1500倍吡虫啉,可兼治潜叶壁虱、木虱和蚜虫。



拓展资料:
梨树花期管理技术要点:
1、授粉。梨树的许多品种自花不实,或因授粉不良果实偏小和畸形,因而需要人工辅助授粉或放蜂授粉。人工授粉是在盛花期,用鸡毛掸子先在授粉树上滚动,沾取花粉,然后转到主栽品种上轻轻滚授。放蜂授粉为每10亩梨园放一箱蜂。

2、疏花疏果。疏花应在花芽膨大前期或结合修剪疏除花芽。在修剪时,对花芽多的树,要适量剪除结果枝,以减少次年花量和养分的无效消耗。疏果应在挂果后半个月内完成。一花序留一果,叶果比为25-30:1,果与果间隔25厘米为宜。腋花芽果、病虫果、粗枝的背上果等应全部疏除。

3、套袋。果实套袋可有效地防止病虫危害,减少农药污染,还能生产出皮薄、光洁、美观、肉细的高档优质果。疏果后在4月下旬到5月上旬进行。套袋前喷布高效杀菌剂,以菊酯类杀虫剂2000倍加甲基托布津1500倍液为好,随喷药随套袋。果袋可选择50克单层蓝黑纸袋。中长期贮存可用40克蓝黑色纸袋。套果后用铁丝卡紧。套袋后要加强肥水管理。

回答2:

梨树花前需要防治的病虫害主要有腐烂病、枝干轮纹病、干腐病、黑星病、锈病、根部病害;梨木虱、黄粉蚜、叶螨类、绿盲蝽、蚧壳虫类、壁虱类等。具体防治措施如下: 1.刮除枝干粗翘皮,刮治腐烂病斑、干腐病斑,并涂药保护伤口,如甲托油膏等。 2.刮除粗翘皮后,要喷施一次30%戊唑·多菌灵(福连)悬浮剂400~600倍液、60%铜钙·多菌灵(统佳)可湿性粉剂300~400倍液或77%硫酸铜钙(多宁)可湿性粉剂300~400倍液,以铲除树体残余病菌。 3.3月上中旬喷施4.5%高效氯氰菊酯(天龙宝)乳油1000~1500倍液、48%毒死蜱(顶勇)乳油1000~1500倍液、25%氯氰·毒死蜱(好灭丹)乳油800~1000倍液或35%硫丹(硕丹)乳油1000~1500倍液1~2次,杀灭越冬代梨木虱成虫。在药液中加入龙灯有机硅效果更好。 4.花芽膨大期,喷施一次3~5波美度石硫合剂或45%石硫合剂晶体40~60倍液,杀灭残余越冬害虫、害螨。介壳虫严重的果园,喷施40%杀扑磷(速蚧克)乳油800~1000倍液。 5.萌芽后、开花前,喷施一次40%腈菌唑可湿性粉剂6000倍液、10%苯醚甲环唑水分散粒剂2000倍液或12.5%烯唑醇可湿性粉剂2000倍液的混合液,混加防治梨木虱成虫的药剂,杀灭在芽内越冬的黑星病菌及残余梨木虱成虫等,兼防锈病、绿盲蝽、梨茎蜂等。 6.发现根部病害,及时扒土晾晒,而后使用77%硫酸铜钙(多宁)可湿性粉剂500~600倍液、50%克菌丹(美派安)可湿性粉剂500~600倍液或60%铜钙·多菌灵(统佳)可湿性粉剂500~600倍液浇灌根部。

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