约翰迪尔950新车磨合方法
约翰迪尔950新车磨合方法
推荐回答(1个)
一台新的或大修后的拖拉机,在正式使用前必须按规定转速、负荷、时间进行磨合运转(也称为试运转)。磨合时主要是全面考察拖拉机各部件的技术状态,并通过拖拉机从空运转过渡到一定负荷的运转,使各运动零件的工作表面磨得光洁平滑,形成能够承受重负荷的工作表面,以达到在各种负荷条件下都能正常工作的要求。如果不按规定要求进行磨合运转就重负荷作业,会造成零件的急剧磨损,以至降低拖拉机的使用寿命。
一、磨合
1.磨合前的准备工作。新拖拉机磨合前要清除各部位尘垢、污泥及防锈油,并仔细检查整机是否完整;检查各主要部位紧固情况;检查轮胎气压是否合适;各润滑部位是否润滑良好;传动带紧度是否合适;冷却水是否足够;选用合适牌号的柴油,并加足;空摇发动机,检查发动机各部运转是否灵活,润滑系统是否正常工作,有无异常响声、卡滞等现象。
2.发动机空转磨合。一是用摇把转动曲轴数圈,观察是否有相互碰撞或卡滞现象。二是按规定程序启动柴油机,使其低速运转,注意观察仪表的工作情况;仔细倾听柴油机有无异常响声;注意排气的颜色及振动情况。三是在润滑油压力稳定、冷却水温上升,确定工作正常后,逐步提高柴油机转速到额定转速。并观察润滑油压力表、电流表等仪表的指针随柴油机转速提高而变化的情况。四是发动机空转磨合15min,接着再怠速运转5 min,然后提高转速到中油门运转5 min,最后大油门运转5 min
3.液压悬挂机构的磨合。此项磨合应在发动机标定转速下进行。液压油箱的油温应在35~55℃,扳动分配器手柄重复升降20次左右,要求连接农机具的悬挂机构应平稳地升降。提升结束时分配器手柄应能自动回到“中立”位置。在磨合过程中检查油管接头的各连接处有无漏油现象,根据油管有无泡沫确认有无空气被吸入,发现故障及时排除。
4.拖拉机空驶磨合。从一挡到五挡依次磨合1 h,倒挡空驶1.5 h。空驶时允许在低挡情况下,进行几次单边制动急转弯,其他各挡只允许向左右进行平缓地转弯。空驶磨合中,要注意拖拉机各部分的运转情况和仪表读数,检查离合器、转向离合器、制动器的调整是否正确。
5.拖拉机负荷磨合。要通过有计划地变速,检查发动机的调整性能,发动机油和水的温度、油耗以及排气颜色、气味等。检查离合器是否打滑,制动器性能及摘挡后的滑行距离。
拖拉机所加负荷分为3~4级,一般为最大牵引力的1/3、1/2和3/4,实际操作中采用相应的作业项目来满足。负荷加载应由小到大逐渐进行,在同一负荷下,应由低挡到高挡进行,不允许超负荷磨合;负荷磨合过程中,要注意倾听和观察发动机及底盘各部分的运转情况。
负荷磨合期间,要按使用说明书的规定进行保养。保养的内容除说明书规定的项目外,还要根据磨合情况、制造和大修质量决定是否进行更多的保养项目。
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