语文阅读,,,

2025-02-13 05:50:19
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

(二)阅读明朝刘基的《窃糟》,完成11-15题。(16分)
客有好佛者,每与人论道理①,必以其说驾②之,欣欣然自以为有独得焉。郁离子③谓之曰:“昔者鲁人不能为酒,唯中山之人善酿千日之酒,鲁人求其方④,弗得。有仕⑤于中山者,主酒家,取其糟粕,以鲁酒渍之,谓人曰‘中山之酒也。’鲁人饮之,皆以为中山之酒也。一日,酒家之主者来,闻有酒,索而饮之,吐而笑曰:‘是余之糟粕也。’今子以佛夸予,可也;恐真佛之笑子窃其糟也。”
【注释】①道理:这里指宋元道学、理学。 ②驾:驾驭、统摄。 ③郁离子:原为刘基所著的书名,这里借为作者自称。 ④方:酒方。⑤仕:做官。
11.解释下列句中加点词的意思。(4分)
①客有好佛者 ( ) ②郁离子谓之曰 ( )
③善酿千日之酒 ( ) ④是余之糟粕也 ( )
12. 下列各句与例句中加点词语用法相同的一项是(2分) ( )
例句:以鲁酒渍之
A.不以疾也 B.徐喷以烟
C.以丛草为林 D.自以为有独得焉
13.用“/”标出下面句子的两处朗读停顿。(2分)
昔 者 鲁 人 不 能 为 酒
14.用现代汉语翻译下列文言句。(6分)
(1)鲁人饮之,皆以为中山之酒也。
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(2)心之所向,则或千或百果然鹤也。
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(3)素湍绿潭,回清倒影。
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15.这个故事讽刺了什么样的人?请简要说说。(2分)
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答案:
11.(1)①喜欢 ②告诉 ③善于,擅长 ④这 (4分)
12. B (2分)
13. 昔 者/ 鲁 人/ 不 能 为 酒 (2分)
14.(1)鲁人喝了它,都认为真是中山的酒了。 (2分)
(2)心中想象的景观鹤舞,那么或者成千或者成百飞舞的蚊子果真觉得他们是鹤了。(2分)
(3)白色的急流回旋着清波,碧绿的潭水倒映出山石林木的影子。 (2分)
15.讽刺那种有了一知半解就自以为了不起而夸夸其谈的人(讽刺那种以不知为知,拾人牙慧而沾沾自喜,到处炫耀的人;或讽刺那种只学到皮毛就洋洋得意自以为是、在学术上一知半解而又夸夸其谈的人,启示人们向别人学习,一定要得到学问的真谛。)(2分,意思近似即可)

附译文:
客人中有一个喜好佛教的人,每当和人们谈论道理,必定用他那一套佛家的说教凌驾于人,欣欣然自以为有独特的心得了。郁离子对他说:“从前鲁国人不会酿酒,只有中山人善于酿造千日的好酒,鲁国人寻求酿酒的方法,没有得到。有个在中山国做官的人,从酿酒作坊里,窃取了那里的酒渣拿回家,用鲁国的酒浸泡那酒糟,便对人夸耀说‘这是中山的好酒啊。’鲁人喝了它,都认为真是中山的酒了。一天,中山酿酒作坊的主人来了,听说有了酒,便索要来,喝了一口,吐出来笑着:‘这是用我的酒糟泡过的酒啊!’现在,你在我面前炫耀佛家的道理或许可以,我恐怕真佛会笑话你窃取了他的酒糟。”

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