单相电容电机的工作原理是什么啊

2025-01-24 15:20:59
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

  单相电容电机的工作原理:
  要使单相电机能够自行启动,就必须如同三相异步电机一样,在电机内部产生一个旋转磁场。产生旋转磁场最简单的方法是在两相绕组中通入相位不同的两相电流。因此在单相异步电机中必须有两套绕组,一套为工作绕组,另一套为副绕组或启动绕组,工作绕组或主绕组M与副绕组A的轴线在空间相隔90°电角度,副绕组串联一个适当的电容C(电容选配不当会使电机系统变差,如片面增大或减小电容量,负序磁场可能加强,使输出功率减小性能变坏,磁场可能会由圆形或近似圆形变为椭圆形)再与工作绕组并接于电源。由于副绕组串联了电容,所以副绕组中的电流在相位上超前于主绕组电流,这样由单相电流分解成具有时间相位差的两相电流M 和A(也就是事实上的两相电流),因而电机的两相绕组就能产生圆形或椭圆形的旋转磁场。因此单相电容电机就能正常工作了。

回答2:

单相电机的启动分电容启动,和电阻启动.还有罩极电机.罩极的没有另外的启动.单相电机接电容的目的是通过电容移相作用,将单相交流电分离出另一相相位差90度的交流电。将这两相交流电分别送入两组或四组电机线圈绕组,就在电机内形成旋转的磁场,旋转磁场在电机转子内产生感应电流,感应电流产生的磁场与旋转磁场方向相反,被旋转磁场推拉进入旋转状态。

回答3:

当向单相异步电动机的定子绕组中通入单相交流电后,电流在正半周及负半周不断交变时,所产生的磁场大小及方向也在不断变化(按正弦规律变化),但磁场的轴线则沿纵轴方向固定不动,这样的磁场称为脉动磁场。

当转子静止不动时,转子导体的合成感应电动势和电流为0,合成转矩为0,因此转子没有启动转矩。单相异步电动机不能自行启动,如果用一个外力使转子转动一下,则转子能沿该方向继续转动下去。

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