C#线程间同步的几种实现方式

2025-02-06 20:59:24
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

一、使用信号量

[csharp] view plain copy print?

  • using System;  

  • using System.Threading;  

  • namespace SemaphoreDemo  

  • {  

  • class Program  

  • {  

  • static void Main(string[] args)  

  • {  

  • for(int i = 0; i <= 6; i++)  

  • {  

  • string threadName = "thread " + i;  

  • int secondsToWait = 2 + 2 * i;  

  • var t = new Thread(() => AccessDatabase(threadName, secondsToWait));  

  • t.Start();  

  • }  

  • Console.ReadKey();  

  • }  

  • //可同时有四个资源可访问  

  • static SemaphoreSlim _semaphore = new SemaphoreSlim(4);  

  • static void AccessDatabase(string name, int seconds)  

  • {  

  • Console.WriteLine("{0} waits to access a database", name);  

  • _semaphore.Wait();  

  • Console.WriteLine("{0} was granted an access to a database", name);  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));  

  • Console.WriteLine("{0} is completed", name);  

  • _semaphore.Release();  

  • }  

  • }  

  • }  

  • using System;

  • using System.Threading;


  • namespace SemaphoreDemo

  • {

  •    class Program

  •    {

  •        static void Main(string[] args)

  •        {

  •            for(int i = 0; i <= 6; i++)

  •            {

  •                string threadName = "thread " + i;

  •                int secondsToWait = 2 + 2 * i;

  •                var t = new Thread(() => AccessDatabase(threadName, secondsToWait));

  •                t.Start();

  •            }


  •            Console.ReadKey();

  •        }

  •        //可同时有四个资源可访问

  •        static SemaphoreSlim _semaphore = new SemaphoreSlim(4);


  •        static void AccessDatabase(string name, int seconds)

  •        {

  •            Console.WriteLine("{0} waits to access a database", name);

  •            _semaphore.Wait();

  •            Console.WriteLine("{0} was granted an access to a database", name);


  •            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));

  •            Console.WriteLine("{0} is completed", name);

  •            _semaphore.Release();

  •        }

  •    }

  • }


  • 二、使用AutoResetEvent

    [csharp] view plain copy print?

  • using System;  

  • using System.Threading;  

  • namespace AutoResetEventDemo  

  • {  

  • class Program  

  • {  

  • static void Main(string[] args)  

  • {  

  • var t = new Thread(() => Process(10));  

  • t.Start();  

  • Console.WriteLine("waiting for another thread to complete work");  

  • _workerEvent.WaitOne();  

  • Console.WriteLine("first operation is completed!");  

  • Console.WriteLine("performing an operation on a main thread");  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));  

  • _mainEvent.Set();  

  • Console.WriteLine("now running the second operation on a second thread");  

  • _workerEvent.WaitOne();  

  • Console.WriteLine("second operation is completed!");  

  • Console.ReadKey();  

  • }  

  • private static AutoResetEvent _workerEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);  

  • private static AutoResetEvent _mainEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);  

  • static void Process(int seconds)  

  • {  

  • Console.WriteLine("starting a long running work...");  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));  

  • Console.WriteLine("work is done!");  

  • _workerEvent.Set();  

  • Console.WriteLine("waiting for a main thread to complete its work");  

  • _mainEvent.WaitOne();  

  • Console.WriteLine("starting second operation...");  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));  

  • Console.WriteLine("work is done!");  

  • _workerEvent.Set();  

  • }  

  • }  

  • }  

  • using System;

  • using System.Threading;


  • namespace AutoResetEventDemo

  • {

  •    class Program

  •    {

  •        static void Main(string[] args)

  •        {

  •            var t = new Thread(() => Process(10));

  •            t.Start();


  •            Console.WriteLine("waiting for another thread to complete work");

  •            _workerEvent.WaitOne();

  •            Console.WriteLine("first operation is completed!");

  •            Console.WriteLine("performing an operation on a main thread");

  •            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5));

  •            _mainEvent.Set();

  •            Console.WriteLine("now running the second operation on a second thread");

  •            _workerEvent.WaitOne();

  •            Console.WriteLine("second operation is completed!");


  •            Console.ReadKey();

  •        }


  •        private static AutoResetEvent _workerEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);

  •        private static AutoResetEvent _mainEvent = new AutoResetEvent(false);


  •        static void Process(int seconds)

  •        {

  •            Console.WriteLine("starting a long running work...");

  •            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));

  •            Console.WriteLine("work is done!");

  •            _workerEvent.Set();

  •            Console.WriteLine("waiting for a main thread to complete its work");

  •            _mainEvent.WaitOne();

  •            Console.WriteLine("starting second operation...");

  •            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));

  •            Console.WriteLine("work is done!");

  •            _workerEvent.Set();

  •        }

  •    }

  • }

  • 三、使用ManualResetEvent

    [csharp] view plain copy print?

  • using System;  

  • using System.Threading;  

  • namespace ManualResetEventSlimDemo  

  • {  

  • class Program  

  • {  

  • static void Main(string[] args)  

  • {  

  • var t1 = new Thread(() => TravelThroughGates("thread 1", 5));  

  • var t2 = new Thread(() => TravelThroughGates("thread 2", 5));  

  • var t3 = new Thread(() => TravelThroughGates("thread 3", 5));  

  • t1.Start();  

  • t2.Start();  

  • t3.Start();  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(6));  

  • Console.WriteLine("the gates are now open!");  

  • _mainEvent.Set();  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));  

  • _mainEvent.Reset();  

  • Console.WriteLine("the gates have been closed!");  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));  

  • Console.WriteLine("the gates are now open for the second time!");  

  • _mainEvent.Set();  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));  

  • Console.WriteLine("the gate have been closed!");  

  • _mainEvent.Reset();  

  • Console.ReadKey();  

  • }  

  • static ManualResetEventSlim _mainEvent = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);  

  • static void TravelThroughGates(string threadName, int seconds)  

  • {  

  • Console.WriteLine("{0} fails to sleep", threadName);  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));  

  • Console.WriteLine("{0} waits for the gates to open!", threadName);  

  • _mainEvent.Wait();  

  • Console.WriteLine("{0} enters the gates!", threadName);  

  • }  

  • }  

  • }  

  • using System;

  • using System.Threading;


  • namespace ManualResetEventSlimDemo

  • {

  •    class Program

  •    {

  •        static void Main(string[] args)

  •        {

  •            var t1 = new Thread(() => TravelThroughGates("thread 1", 5));

  •            var t2 = new Thread(() => TravelThroughGates("thread 2", 5));

  •            var t3 = new Thread(() => TravelThroughGates("thread 3", 5));

  •            t1.Start();

  •            t2.Start();

  •            t3.Start();

  •            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(6));

  •            Console.WriteLine("the gates are now open!");

  •            _mainEvent.Set();

  •            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));

  •            _mainEvent.Reset();

  •            Console.WriteLine("the gates have been closed!");

  •            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(10));

  •            Console.WriteLine("the gates are now open for the second time!");

  •            _mainEvent.Set();

  •            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2));

  •            Console.WriteLine("the gate have been closed!");

  •            _mainEvent.Reset();


  •            Console.ReadKey();

  •        }


  •        static ManualResetEventSlim _mainEvent = new ManualResetEventSlim(false);


  •        static void TravelThroughGates(string threadName, int seconds)

  •        {

  •            Console.WriteLine("{0} fails to sleep", threadName);

  •            Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));

  •            Console.WriteLine("{0} waits for the gates to open!", threadName);

  •            _mainEvent.Wait();

  •            Console.WriteLine("{0} enters the gates!", threadName);

  •        }

  •    }

  • }


  • 四、使用CountDownEvent

    [csharp] view plain copy print?

  • using System;  

  • using System.Threading;  

  • namespace CountDownEventDemo  

  • {  

  • class Program  

  • {  

  • static void Main(string[] args)  

  • {  

  • Console.WriteLine("starting two operations");  

  • var t1 = new Thread(() => PerformOperation("operation 1 is completed", 4));  

  • var t2 = new Thread(() => PerformOperation("operation 2 is completed", 8));  

  • t1.Start();  

  • t2.Start();  

  • //等待所有信号量返回  

  • //如果没有Signal()返回,将永久性等待;或可使用带时间参数方式等待  

  • _countdown.Wait();  

  • Console.WriteLine("both operation have been completed");  

  • _countdown.Dispose();  

  • Console.ReadKey();  

  • }  

  • //计数为2  

  • static CountdownEvent _countdown = new CountdownEvent(2);  

  • static void PerformOperation(string message, int seconds)  

  • {  

  • Thread.Sleep(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds));  

  • Console.WriteLine(message);  

  • //返回信号  

  • _countdown.Signal();  

  • }  

  • }  

  • }  

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