c语言中“switch ”语句的用法有哪些?

2025-01-04 04:19:57
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

C语言程序语句switch:
  switch用在编程中,如C语言中它经常跟case一起使用,是一个判断选择代码。其功能就是控制业务流程流转的。
  switch语句的语法如下(switch,case和default是关键字):
  switch ( controllingExpression )
  {
  case constantExpression1 :
  case constantExpression2 :
  case constantExpression3 :
  statements; //当满足constantExpression1、constantExpression2、constantExpression3任何一个都执行statements
  break;
  case constantExpression :
  statements ;
  break;
  ...
  default :
  statements ;
  break;
  }
  遵守switch语句规则
  switch语句非常有用,但在使用时必须谨慎。所写的任何switch语句都必须遵循以下规则:
  只能针对基本数据类型使用switch,这些类型包括int、char等。对于其他类型,则必须使用if语句。
  case标签必须是常量表达式(constantExpression),如42或者"42"。如果需要在运行时计算case标签的值,必须使用if语句。
  case标签必须是惟一性的表达式;也就是说,不允许两个case具有相同的值。
  C语言switch应用例子:
  例一:
  #include
  int main()
  {
  double score;
  printf("请输入分数:\n");
  scanf("%lf",&score);
  switch((int)(score/10)) //如果写成witch((int)score/10)会出现严重错误
  {
  case 10:
  case 9:printf("A(最好)\n");break;
  case 8:printf("B(优秀)\n");break;
  case 7:printf("C(良好)\n");break;
  case 6:printf("D(及格)\n");break;
  case 5:
  case 4:
  case 3:
  case 2:
  case 1:
  case 0:printf("E(不及格)\n");break;
  default:printf("Error!\n");
  }
  }
  例二:
  #include
  int main()
  {
  char rank;
  printf("请输入分数等级:(A、B、C、D、E)\n");
  scanf("%c",&rank);
  switch(rank)//switch((int)score/10)出现严重错误,switch(((int)score)/10)出现严重错误,
  {
  case 'A':printf("A(90~100)\n");break;
  case 'B':printf("B(80~89)\n");break;
  case 'C':printf("C(70~79)\n");break;
  case 'D':printf("D(60~69)\n");break;
  case 'E':printf("E(0~59)\n");break;
  default:printf("error!\n");break;
  }
  }
  例三:
  输入年月日,判断这一天是这一年的第几天。
  #include
  int main()
  {
  int year,month,date,leap,days=0;
  scanf("%4d%2d%2d",&year,&month,&date);
  leap=(year%4==0&&year%100!=0||year%400==0);
  switch(month)
  {
  case 12:days+=30;
  case 11:days+=31;
  case 10:days+=30;
  case 9:days+=31;
  case 8:days+=31;
  case 7:days+=30;
  case 6:days+=31;
  case 5:days+=30;
  case 4:days+=31;
  case 3:days+=28+leap;
  case 2:days+=31;
  case 1:days+=date;break;
  }
  printf("%4d年%2d月%2d日是这一年的第%d天。\n",year,month,date,days);
  }

回答2:

C语言程序语句switch:
  switch用在编程中,如C语言中它经常跟case一起使用,是一个判断选择代码。其功能就是控制业务流程流转的。
  switch语句的语法如下(switch,case和default是关键字):
  switch ( controllingExpression )
  {
  case constantExpression1 :
  case constantExpression2 :
  case constantExpression3 :
  statements; //当满足constantExpression1、constantExpression2、constantExpression3任何一个都执行statements
  break;
  case constantExpression :
  statements ;
  break;
  ...
  default :
  statements ;
  break;
  }
  遵守switch语句规则
  switch语句非常有用,但在使用时必须谨慎。所写的任何switch语句都必须遵循以下规则:
  只能针对基本数据类型使用switch,这些类型包括int、char等。对于其他类型,则必须使用if语句。
  case标签必须是常量表达式(constantExpression),如42或者"42"。如果需要在运行时计算case标签的值,必须使用if语句。
  case标签必须是惟一性的表达式;也就是说,不允许两个case具有相同的值。
  C语言switch应用例子:
  例一:
  #include
  int main()
  {
  double score;
  printf("请输入分数:\n");
  scanf("%lf",&score);
  switch((int)(score/10)) //如果写成witch((int)score/10)会出现严重错误
  {
  case 10:
  case 9:printf("A(最好)\n");break;
  case 8:printf("B(优秀)\n");break;
  case 7:printf("C(良好)\n");break;
  case 6:printf("D(及格)\n");break;
  case 5:
  case 4:
  case 3:
  case 2:
  case 1:
  case 0:printf("E(不及格)\n");break;
  default:printf("Error!\n");
  }
  }
  例二:
  #include
  int main()
  {
  char rank;
  printf("请输入分数等级:(A、B、C、D、E)\n");
  scanf("%c",&rank);
  switch(rank)//switch((int)score/10)出现严重错误,switch(((int)score)/10)出现严重错误,
  {
  case 'A':printf("A(90~100)\n");break;
  case 'B':printf("B(80~89)\n");break;
  case 'C':printf("C(70~79)\n");break;
  case 'D':printf("D(60~69)\n");break;
  case 'E':printf("E(0~59)\n");break;
  default:printf("error!\n");break;
  }
  }
  例三:
  输入年月日,判断这一天是这一年的第几天。
  #include
  int main()
  {
  int year,month,date,leap,days=0;
  scanf("%4d%2d%2d",&year,&month,&date);
  leap=(year%4==0&&year%100!=0||year%400==0);
  switch(month)
  {
  case 12:days+=30;
  case 11:days+=31;
  case 10:days+=30;
  case 9:days+=31;
  case 8:days+=31;
  case 7:days+=30;
  case 6:days+=31;
  case 5:days+=30;
  case 4:days+=31;
  case 3:days+=28+leap;
  case 2:days+=31;
  case 1:days+=date;break;
  }
  printf("%4d年%2d月%2d日是这一年的第%d天。\n",year,month,date,days);
  }
希望对你有帮助。

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