推荐回答（1个）
冠心病一旦确诊就要安装支架吗？心脏冠脉支架是干什么用的？具体它有什么作用？简单的说，冠心病是供应心脏氧分和能量的血管堵塞严重而导致心脏不能正常甚至停止工作的疾病，比如心脏猝死、突发急性心肌梗塞等。放完支架可以使得被堵的血管变得通畅，可以撑开血管，心肌重新获得血液供应。出现急症时心脏支架是可以救命的。目前的三类支架术后需要注意些什么简单说一下，同时那些情况下需要安装支架，你也需要了解下。针对目前最常用的三类支架：金属裸支架、物洗脱支架、微盲孔载支架术后需要注意什么简单说一下。【什么情况下需要安装“心脏支架”】孟庆智介绍，目前放支架的指征是患者血管狭窄面积超过75，并且伴有典型心绞痛症状。支架放置的个数依据病变部位、数量、弥漫还是局限等特征决定，不该放的哪怕是半个也是错误的。如果急症时放置3-4个也是完成可能。除此以外，除了要看血管的面积意外，一般如果存在几支血管均存在问题的，我们也放置主要供血，收益最大的那个血管。这样相对应的正片心肌均可收益。【不同的支架放完后需要注意些什么】1、金属裸支架——开通血管但是再狭窄率高：金属裸支架解决了过去单纯球囊扩张后血管撕裂塌陷的严重并发症，它的外形多事网状的，具有很好的弹性和支撑，它的功能就像房子塌了要用柱子顶起来一样，可把狭窄的地方重新撑起，使得心脏血流正常供应。但是在安装过程中，血管的内皮会受到损伤，就像人的皮肤被刮伤一阿姨那个，伤后会长疤一样，属于人体自行修复，只是每个人的疤痕长度不同。随着时间延长，金属支架的周围会出现严重的疤痕组织增生，甚至透过网孔把管腔堵塞，造成血管再次狭窄，细小血管术后6个月再狭窄的发生率达到35%-30%。2、物支架——再狭窄率低但长期吃：物支架是金属裸支架的升级版，最大的改变就是把再狭窄率降低到8%-10%，原因是在支架的表面用类似塑胶样聚合物粘附了一层物。随着物缓慢释放，可抑制血管内膜组织过度增生，避免再狭窄的发生。但是同时物长期释放使得切口愈合慢，支架较长时间暴露在血液中，再加上聚合物长期慢性刺激，增加支架内血栓形成的可能。因此放完物支架后患者要长时间吃阿司匹林等抗凝物，避免血栓形成，长期也可能会带来其他危险。3、微盲孔载支架——目前解决方案微盲孔载支架也是属于物支架，只不过它改变了载的方式，在支架表面打了很多微米级的盲孔，把紫杉醇物直接封装在微孔中。这样物可以快速有效控制言行组织细胞增生，也就是抑制了疤痕产生，避免再次狭窄，同时因没有聚合物包裹，避免了对血管长期刺激，减少了支架内血栓时间的发生。
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