推荐回答(5个)
西周是既是奴隶社会也是封建社会。公元前16世纪至公元前11世纪的商朝,是奴隶社会的发展时期。商朝的农业、手工业较发达,青铜冶炼和铸造有很高水平。中国有文字可考的历史是从商朝开始的。商纣王统治时,周武王兴兵伐纣,商亡。
公元前11世纪至公元前771年的西周,是奴隶社会的强盛时期。西周统治者实行了分封制和井田制。周厉王统治时,引起“国人暴动”,厉王逃跑,政权由周、召二公执掌。公元前771年,西周被犬戎灭亡。
封建制也称分封制,即古汉语“封建”的原始含义;古文献中之“封建”即“分封制”。封建制在周朝时期是周王室把疆域土地划分为诸侯的社会制度,在封建制下,国家土地不完全是周王室的,而是分别由获得封地的诸侯所有,他们拥有分封土地的所有资源和收益。
只需向周王室缴纳一定的进贡即可尽义务,即相当于中世纪欧洲诸王国与罗马教廷的关系,即现代意义上的联邦的基础。周王是共主性质的(共主是氏族社会遗留的领袖模式,禹为最后的氏族共主)。诸侯的土地理论上在其死后可由周王室收回重新分配,但一般是世袭。
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扩展资料
西伯姬昌继位后,国力不足与殷对抗,固继续臣服于殷,为殷西伯。但殷商对周并 不放心。商纣一度囚禁姬昌于羑里,并杀其子作为肉汤、迫文王喝下。周人以宝马、美女贿赂商纣,求得释放文王。文王归国后,谋商之心并无松懈。
他一方面倡导发展生产,制定“有亡荒阅”之法律,大肆搜捕逃亡奴隶,防止劳动人口流失,增强周族实力,使周国附近一些部落归附。
另一方面进行武力扩张,根据《尚书》记载,周国首先讨伐西方犬戎、密须等小国,以固后方,接着东伐耆国(在今山西长治西南)、又伐邘(即孟,在今河南沁阳),最后伐崇国,深入到商朝势力范围。此时周国已“三分天下有其二”,文王便迁都于丰都(今陕西省西安市户县沣河西岸),准备进取殷商。
参考资料来源:百度百科-周朝
奴隶社会,西周实际上就是春秋时期,而春秋时期是奴隶社会的瓦解时期;战国事封建社会的形成时期. 随着社会生产力的发展,逐渐暴露出奴隶社会的落后.但真正进入封建社会是在秦国建立时期.
PS :秦统一的意义;建立了第一个统一的多民族的封建国家.
中国的奴隶社会包括夏、商、周三代,而周分为西周和东周,西周标准的奴隶社会,东周也属奴隶社会,但出现了地主阶级,直至秦始皇统一中国,才正式形成中国的第一个封建王朝。
西周还属于奴隶社会
东周前期的春秋(前770-前476)也属于奴隶社会,是分化时期;
东周后期的战国(前476-前221)属于封建社会初期
奴隶社会
奴隶社会瓦解于春秋时期
封建社会形成于战国时期,商鞅变法
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