推荐回答(5个)
石竹是宿根性不强的多年生草本花卉,多作一、二年生植物栽培。盆栽石竹要求施足基肥,每盆种2-3株。苗长至15厘米高摘除顶芽,促其分枝,以后注意适当摘除腋芽,不然分枝多,会使养分分散而开花小,适当摘除腋芽使养分集中,可促使花大而色艳。生长期间宜放置在向阳、通风良好处养护,保持盆土湿润,约每隔10天左右施一次腐熟的稀薄液肥。夏季雨水过多,注意排水、松土。石竹易杂交,留种者需隔离栽植。开花前应及时去掉一些叶腋花蕾,主要是保证顶花蕾开花。冬季宜少浇水,如温度保持在5-8度条件下,则冬、春不断开花。
繁殖方法
常用播种、扦插和分株繁殖。种子发芽最适温度为21至22℃。播种繁殖一般在9月进行。播种于露地苗床,播后保持盆土湿润,播后5天即可出芽,10天左右即出苗,苗期生长适温10-20℃。当苗长出4-5片叶时可移植,翌春开花。也可于9月露地直播或11-12月冷室盆播,翌年4月定植于露地。扦插繁殖在10月至翌年2月下旬到3月进行,枝叶茂盛期剪取嫩枝5-6厘米长作插条,插后15-20天主根。分株繁殖多在花后利用老株分株,可在秋季或早春进行。 例如可于4月分株,夏季注意排水,9月份以后加强肥水管理,于10月初再次开花。
病害防治
常有锈病和红蜘蛛危害。锈病可用50%萎锈灵可湿性粉剂1500倍液喷酒,红蜘蛛用40%氧化乐果乳油1500倍液喷杀。
1、土壤。石竹花适宜在排水良好、腐殖质丰富,保肥性能良好、微呈碱性的粘质土壤下生长,可用园土6份、堆肥2份、沙土2份混合配制培养土。
2、浇水。石竹较耐干旱,但在雨季时要注意松土和排水,在生长开花旺季时要及时的给予浇水,平时可以少浇水,以维持土壤湿润为宜,过湿会导致发育不正常。
3、温度。石竹适宜生长温度为15-20℃。到冬季应放温室内,温度保持在12℃以上,而空气湿润度应保持在75%左右为宜,在花前适当喷水调湿,可防止花苞提前开裂。
4、光照。石竹花喜阳光充足、通风的气候,因此每天要保证光照6-8小时。盛夏时,石竹花正处于半休眠状态,这时应注意避免烈日曝晒。
5、施肥。石竹喜肥,在栽植前应施足量的烘肥及骨粉,在生长期内要不断追施液肥,一般每隔10天左右施一次腐熟的稀薄肥水,采花后施一次追肥即可。
6、病虫害防治。石竹花常见的病害有:锈病、萼腐病、灰霉病、芽腐病、根腐病等。可用五氧化锈灵防锈病,也可用代森锌、多菌灵或克菌丹在栽插前进行土壤处理,防治其它的病害。在遇到红蜘蛛、蚜虫害时,可用40%乐果乳剂稀释后杀除。
石竹一般在秋季9月份的时候进行播种,用撒播的方法,幼苗比较耐寒,10度以上的时候可以露天过冬,长出两三片叶子的时候进行间苗。一般生长期每一周左右施加一次稀薄液肥。夏季进入休眠期,不是珍贵品种的可取种重栽;比较珍贵的品种可以进行降温。![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2F6d81800a19d8bc3e0ef9edae928ba61ea9d345e5%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
既好看有能泡茶喝的花卉——石竹花,清热解暑,养殖方法简单
石竹花又名洛阳花、石柱花,是石竹科草本植物,因其茎具节,膨大似竹而得名。它是我国的名花之一,有着较多的种类,盛开时绚丽多彩,加上管理养护也比较简单,因此深受人们的喜爱,那么石竹花怎么养呢?
1土壤。石竹花适宜在排水良好、腐殖质丰富,保肥性能良好、微呈碱性的粘质土壤下生长,可用园土6份、堆肥2份、沙土2份混合配制培养土。
2浇水。石竹较耐干旱,但在雨季时要注意松土和排水,在生长开花旺季时要及时的给予浇水,平时可以少浇水,以维持土壤湿润为宜,过湿会导致发育不正常。
3温度。石竹适宜生长温度为15-20℃。到冬季应放温室内,温度保持在12℃以上,而空气湿润度应保持在75%左右为宜,在花前适当喷水调湿,可防止花苞提前开裂。
4光照。石竹花喜阳光充足、通风的气候,因此每天要保证光照6-8小时。盛夏时,石竹花正处于半休眠状态,这时应注意避免烈日曝晒。
5施肥。石竹喜肥,在栽植前应施足量的烘肥及骨粉,在生长期内要不断追施液肥,一般每隔10天左右施一次腐熟的稀薄肥水,采花后施一次追肥即可。
6病虫害防治。石竹花常见的病害有:锈病、萼腐病、灰霉病、芽腐病、根腐病等。可用五氧化锈灵防锈病,也可用代森锌、多菌灵或克菌丹在栽插前进行土壤处理,防治其它的病害。在遇到红蜘蛛、蚜虫害时,可用40%乐果乳剂稀释后杀除。
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