推荐回答(1个)
在最新公布的全国各大城市GDP榜单上,除了领跑第一梯队的北上广深之外,武汉以7478.9亿的身家再次入居全国前十的行列,成为华中地区的绝对领头羊。大武汉,绝对的华中核心城市,在未来依旧是整个湖北乃至两湖的绝对引擎。然而,武汉坐上头把交椅的时间并不长,它的崛起历程包含了众多复杂的历史地理要素。

01、荆楚文化的盲区
荆楚文化的“楚国”并非江汉平原的本土文化。最早的楚人源出于中原,商末周初时期的楚人主要分布在南阳盆地,他们是华夏族群的一支,并时时刻刻承接着中原文化的脉搏。
不过,随着周初的政治动乱与昭王南征,楚人部族被迫进入了尚处在蛮荒的汉水流域,却在这里发现了辽阔的江汉平原,于是正式开始了筚路蓝缕的开拓时代,并将周王朝分封在汉水流域的“诸姬”(同姓诸侯国)一一剿灭,成为了江汉平原的霸主,开辟了最早意义上的“楚天”。

当时的江汉平原上仍然有大片土地处在水平面以下,广阔的云梦泽将江汉平原中东部(包括武汉)全部淹没。
楚人只好选择今天荆州(江陵纪南城)作为早期的都城,这一选择在整个秦汉时期都得到了延续,
江汉平原的西部在这近千年的时间(公元前8世纪到公元2世纪)内成为了华中地区(荆州)的核心。
02、三国开新篇
真正让武汉进入人们视野的是东汉末年的群雄争霸。随着云梦泽的逐渐退化,成为陆地的武汉所处的江汉交汇的战略价值,马上受到了各路南方诸侯的重视。位居中游的刘表集团与位居下游的孙氏集团就曾经在此发生了激烈的交战,武汉开始作为一个军事要地迈入了大城市的行列。
当孙权从关羽手中彻底夺取了荆州之后,便在武昌城设立要塞。不过,此时的武汉依旧是一个军事堡垒,而华中的核心依旧位于老荆州的所在。

图/黄鹤楼(最早是孙权的夏口要塞瞭望楼)
南北朝隋唐时期,武汉所处的位置愈加重要,逐渐成为了可以与荆州相媲美的军政中心。南朝隋唐的华中地区因为行政区划的析置而成为了多元中心区域,恰恰也给了武汉发展的契机。在南北对峙的年代里,武汉相较于荆州更适合作为联通南北的交通枢纽,也更适合作为向东连接苏杭富庶之地的水上通衢。
03、武汉成型
唐宋之际,随着经济中心的逐渐南移,大量的北方迁徙人口避难江表,江汉交汇处的武汉城逐渐花开两朵,各表一枝。长江以南的武昌城以鄂州的名号成为长江南岸的军政重镇,江北的汉阳则依靠汉水与长江的水上交通便利成为了长江中游的商贸名城。
武汉南北两地的军政、经济功能在元朝进行了统合,武昌城名正言顺地成为了湖广行省的首府,正式取代了荆州老大哥的地位。

图/四大名镇之首-汉口镇
明清时期,武昌作为湖广军政中心的地位日益牢固,而汉阳则依靠水路交通继续繁荣,随着明朝成化年间的汉水改道,位于新汉水北岸的汉口镇同样异军突起,成为了明清时期赫赫有名的四大名镇。清朝末年,汉口在开埠通商的浪潮中接上了国际化的浪潮,而汉阳则成为洋务运动的重要基地。武汉三镇,至此成为了结合军事政治、近代工业、国际商贸为一体的东方芝加哥,完成了华中一个的成长历程。
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