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单词!! 任何时候··不管你怎么冲刺都是单词最重要! 下面是基本语法知识和考点 一 代数 名词 数词 1 在使用两个以上的人称代词时 顺序是:第二人称 第三人称 第一人称 2 everyone后面不可以跟of短语 every one 就可以 3 以‘名词/动名词+介词(短语)/形容词/副词/动词不定式’构成的复合名词,它的复数形式是将作为主要部分的名词或动名词变为复数 直接来源于短语或以可数名词结尾的复合名词的复数形式是将最后一个构词部分变为复数 以‘man 或者woman+名词’构成的复合名词的复数形式是将两个组成部分全变成复数 以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式 如:homework 4 物质名词一般不可数,但用于表示‘各种不同品种’时 几乎都可做可数名词 如:different teas 当抽象名词前后有修饰语表示‘某一种’或‘某一方面’的抽象概念时 其前可加a/an 6 名词所有格要点:必须用’s的场合 1)’s属格用于表示时间,度量衡,价值的名词之后 2)作为一个整体的词组在最后一个词加’s 3)人或物为两人共有,在第二个名词后加’s 4)当所有格后面的名词是人们熟悉的建筑物 如商店,住家,教堂,医院等,此名词常省略 5)复合名词在最后一个词后加’s 6)当被修饰的名词后有同位语时,必须用’s 7 当用来表示类别或属性时,要用’s children’s shoes 儿童鞋 , 必须用of的场合 1)名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时 2)以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人时 如果dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million前有基数词以表示确切数目时,都不能用复数形式 如果用来表示很多有不确切的数目时,须用复数,而且后面加of 8 表示顺序的两种方式: 1)‘名词+基数词’,不用冠词,如Chapter four 2) ’the+序数词+名词‘ 如the Fourth Chapter 9 倍数增减的表示法 1) 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than 2) 倍数+as+形容词/副词+as 3) 倍数+名词 4) 动词+百分比或倍数 5) 动词+to+数词 6) double/triple/quadruple+名词 7) 动词+by+数词/百分比/倍数 10 分数分子为基数词,分母为序数词 分母除了在分子为一的其他情况下为复数 11 百分比后接名词时加of 二 形容词 副词 1)前置修饰语的排列顺序 可以至于冠词前的形容词(all both such) -----冠词,指示形容词,所有格形容词,不定形容词(a an the this your his any some)-----------基数词(one ) 序数词(first)------------ 表示性质,状态,质量的形容词(good useful)--------------表示大小,长短,形状的形容词----------------表示年龄,新旧,温度的形容词------------表示颜色的形容词---------------------表示国籍,产地,区域的形容词-----------表示材料,用做形容词的名词----------动名词,分词 2)后置修饰语 由前缀a-构成的形容词 3)形容词修饰由some-,any-,every-,no-,-body,-one,-thing等组成的复合不定代词时,必须后置 4)enough作形容词修饰名词时既可放前又可放后,但当它作副词修饰形容词或副词时,必须后置 5)有些形容词本身就有‘比....年长’,‘比.......... 优等的意思 这些形容词后面用介词to 而不用than 6)much too 作为副词短语修饰形容词或副词,不修饰名词 7)more 不能用来修饰比较级 8)与名词连用的more of a .../as much of a.../more of a....意为更像.... 9)as much of a...意为称得上,less of a 意为算不上 10)none other than(不是别人,正是)=no other than 11)any/sone/every与other连用时,其后若用可数名词,一般为单数 三 情态动词 1)can 用于否定句cannot(help)but表示不能不,只能(but后跟不带to的动词不定式) 2)must 表示禁止,一定不要时的否定式为mustn’t 当它表示有把握的推断时 意为一定 准是时 它的否定形式为can’t 3)need doing=need to be done 这个句型表示被动意味 4)need not have done sth 表示本来没有必要做某事 (经常考) 四 虚拟语气 从句 主句 1)与过去事实相反 had+过去分词 should(第一人称)would(其它人称)+have+过去分词 与现在事实相反 一般过去式(动词be用were) would/should/could/might+动词原型 与将来事实相反 过去式或should/were+动原 would/should/could/might+动词原型 2)It is (high/about/the)time.........谓语动词用过去式 指现在或将来的情况 表示早该做某事而现在已经有点晚了 3)It is the first(second/third)time后的that从句中,谓语动词要用完成体来表示一种经验 4)as if/though 的虚拟要点 1)对当时事实的假设,从句谓语用过去式,be动词一律用were 2)对过去事实的假设,从句谓语用过去完成式 3)对未来事实的假设,从句谓语用would+动词原型
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