推荐回答（1个）
环氧树脂具有很多优点，如机械强度高、粘结力强、收缩率低、稳定性好、加工性能优良等，被广泛使用于涂料、粘结剂、电气产品、土木建筑、夏合材料等领域。然而由于其性脆、不够强韧、抗冲击性差，成为影响其市场进一步扩大的难题，为比必须对其进行改性。
目前对环氧树脂采用的主要改性方法之一，就是聚氨酯改性环氧树脂，日前国内科研人员通过设计一系列方案，采用红外光谱对聚合物进行结构表征，研究聚氨酯预聚体对环氧树脂改性的过程中可能发生的反应种类及反应机理，对聚氨酯改性环氧树脂的应用研究具有重要的指导意义。
聚氨酯改性环氧树脂，就是在适当的条件下使得2者形成互穿网络结构，从而达到提高环氧树脂韧性，同时不降低其强度、耐热性的目的。
然而在聚氨酯改性环氧树脂时由于原料的多样性，且各种原料所含官能团在一定程度上可发生反应并且相互产生影响，使得聚氨酯改性环氧树脂体系的固化机理复杂化。
研究所用实验原料包括甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDl)、聚醚210、1，4-丁二醇、二月桂酸二丁基锡、l，2-环氧环已烷-4，5-二甲酸二缩水甘油酯(TDE-85)、甲基四氢邻苯二甲、酸酐(MeTHPA)、2，4，6-三(二甲胺基甲基)苯酚(DMP-30)等。端异氰酸酯基PU预聚体、IPN产物都在实验中制备。
性能检测则采用AVATAR360型红外分析仪(美国Nicolet公司)，对原料TDE—85、聚醚二元醇GM210以及PU预聚体、样品进行红外光谱分析，固体样品采用溴化钾压片法进行检测，液体样品直接测试或经过四氯化碳稀释后检测。
结果表明：首先促进剂DMP-30进攻酸酐生成羧酸盐阴离子；其次羧酸盐阴离子和环氧基反应生成氧阴离子；最后氧阴离子与另一个酸酐进行反应再生成羧酸盐阴离子；此羧酸盐阴离子再与环氧基发生开环聚合反应，这样一步一步地交替进行固化反应。这一课题通过制备聚氨酯改性环氧树脂体系，并经红外光谱分析，研究了异氰酸酯端基的聚氨酯预聚体、扩链剂、环氧树脂及其固化剂之间相互反应的规律。
结果表明聚氨酯、环氧树脂2者之间形成IPN结构过程中，环氧树脂与其固化剂之间发生固化反应；扩链剂1，4-丁二醇对PU预聚体进行扩链；同时TDE-85同PU预聚体之间还发生两相间的化学反应。更多内容请查看（51nianheji)网站。
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