推荐回答(3个)
一、表示“学习”
无论是表示抽象意义的学习,还是表示学习的过程(process),均不可数。如:
Libraries are not used only for study. 图书馆不仅仅是一个读书学习的地方。
Find somewhere quiet for study—a place where you won’t be disturbed. 找一个安静的地方学习—— 一个你不会被打扰的地方。
2. 表示“研究”
注意以下用法。
(1) 若表示抽象意义的研究,或表示研究的过程(process),则不可数。如:
The article deserves careful study. 这篇文章值得仔细研究。
Careful study of the market is a prerequisite for success. 仔细研究市场情况是取得成功的先决条件。
(2) 若表示“研究”的结果(有时可译为“研究结果”“研究报告”等),则可数。如:
The book presented a study of dreams. 这本书介绍了对梦的研究结果。
The study appeared in a leading medical journal. 这篇研究报告发表在一份一流的医学杂志上。
Some studies have suggested a link between certain types of artificial sweetener and cancer. 有些研究(结果)表明某些种类的人造甜味剂可能致癌。
(3) 若表示某种类型的研究,是可数的。如:
This database will enable a more intensive study to be carried out. 该数据库将使更深入细致的研究成为可能。
(4) 若表示具体的某一项研究,或表示对某一具体问题或课题的研究,也是可数的。如:
The book is a comprehensive study of that war. 这书是对那次战争的综合研究。
More studies are needed before anything can be proven. 要进一步研究才能得出结论。
用于此义时,还通常与动词 do, make, carry out, conduct 等搭配使用。如:
In order to make a study of the kangaroo, he went to Australia. 为了研究袋鼠,他去了澳洲。
We should do a feasibility study before adopting the new proposals. 我们在采用这些新建议之前应进行可行性研究。
3. 表示“学科”
表示学生在大学攻读的“学科”或“课程”,通常用复数形式。如:
media studies 传媒学
environmental studies 环境课程
business studies 商业课程
但用于 the study of…(研究……的学科)结构时,通常用单数形式。如:
Linguistics is the study of language. 语言学是研究语言的一门学科。
Physiology is the study of how living things work. 生理学是研究生物功能的学科。
比较:
Mathematics is the science of pure quantity. 数学是研究纯数量的科学。
4. 表示“学业”
若表示在学校学习的“学业”“课业”“功课”等,或表示与学业、课业、功课等相关的“学习”等,通常用复数形式(此时通与物主代词连用)。如:
How are your studies coming along? 你的功课学得怎样?
He couldn’t bend his mind to his studies. 他不能专心学习。
He’s a little backward in his studies. 他学习有点落后。
Her parents encouraged her in her studies. 她的父母鼓励她好好学习。
I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please don’t neglect your studies. 我同意你去挣一些钱,可是请不要误了功课。
当然,不连用物主代词也是可能的。如:
Students are overloaded with studies, and their eyesight suffers. 学生课业负担过重,有损视力。
5. 表示“书房”
此时是典型的个体名词,可数。如:
He turned the spare room into a study. 他把空房改成了书房。
The telephone was in the study. 电话在书房里。
This room can serve as a study. 这个房间可作书房用。
6. 用于专有名词中
用于大学(尤其是外国语大学)的校名中,通常用复数形式。如:
Beijing Foreign Studies University 北京外国语大学
Shanghai International Studies University 上海外国语大学
Guangdong University of Foreign Studies 广东外语外贸大学
Hankuk University of Foreign Studies 韩国外国语大学
Osaka University of Foreign Studies (日本)大阪外国语大学
ecessary effort, but a disgraceful subjection of reason
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