推荐回答(2个)
一、银质辨伪。辨别银圆的真假,首先从辨识银质的真假说起。银原子序数47,元素符号Ag,不易氧化,柔性好。真银光泽柔和,润白色。银的成色越高其泽度越白,真银圆清洗后雪白照人。银圆硬度低,两块银圆相叠摩擦,有油润感,听不到金属磕碰声音(外国银币或凸凹不平的银币除外)。假银圆或钢铁做胚、或铜铅做胚、或铝锡做胚,或金属粉末水泥合成做胚,其色度偏暗,无光泽。假银圆拿闭坦用火烧后便“丑态”百出,有断裂的、变形的、散化的,真银圆火烧不变形、不变音,清洗后雪白有亮光。假银圆清洗后泛黄、泛青、泛黑或泛灰。辨别银质是收藏银圆的前提。
二、听音辨伪。用拇指和食指两指甲尖对卡银圆中心,或用中指托住银圆中部,用另一枚银圆撞击,声音清韵柔和的是真银圆。声音尖高的是钢铁做胚假币,声音嘶哑的是铜锡合金做胚假币,声音沉闷的是“银包铜夹馅”假币,无声的是金属粉末水泥合成胚假币。过去传统的鉴定银圆方法是用拇指和食指两指甲尖掐住银圆中心,用力猛吹,能听到轻微韵音的是真银圆,无韵音的是假银圆。这种方法一是要听力好,二是切忌手指与银圆接触面过大,三是要猛吹快听。听音辨伪是识别银圆的基础。
三、包浆辨伪。传世银圆表面有态顷一层氧化银,就是人们常说的包浆。包浆主要有浅黑色、浅灰色、浅橙色和粟壳色。用鞋油擦涂和蜡火烧烤出来的包浆呈重黑色,一眼便识。辨认包浆是识别银圆的有效方法。
四、锈色辨伪。银圆停止流通后,存放不当会生锈。传世银圆锈层很薄,呈墨绿色。出土银圆一般锈层较厚,局部锈层凸起。两枚银圆锈在一起,磕开后,表面有分布不匀的白色亮点,迎光而视闪闪发光,俗称“泛银”,泛银现象是无法作伪的。陪葬出土银圆多数泛酱红色,局部有绿色锈斑。水坑银圆通体泛绿锈。真银圆的锈色是历史的烙印,很难去掉,用碱水沸煮而不退。假银圆人工做作的锈呈淡绿色,用指甲就能刮掉,用针扎在上面可直立不倒,用碱水沸煮半小时便锈色全无。假银圆的锈用鼻子闻有腥味,用舌头舔有酸味。锈色辨伪是识别银圆的关键。
五、边齿辩伪。真币边齿平整,大小一致,齿深深浅一致;假币边齿则不工整,深浅不一,边齿歪歪扭扭。
六、重量辩伪。真币重量标准应在26.86克,但是经过百年流通产生磨损也消桐应达到26.5克。一些粗制假币材质非银往往会低于26.5克很多。
一、银质辨伪。辨别银圆的真假,首先从辨识银质的真假说起。二、听音辨伪。用拇指和食指两指甲尖对卡银圆中心,或用中指托住银圆中部,用另一枚银圆 撞击,声音清韵柔和的是真银圆。三、包浆辨伪。传世银圆表面有一层氧化银,就是人们常说的包浆。四、锈色辨伪。银圆停止流通后,存放不当会生锈。五、边齿 辩伪。真币边齿平整,大小一致,齿深深浅一致。六、重量辩伪。真币重量标准应在26.86克,但是经过百年流通产生磨损也应达到26.5克,但袁大头一般 在25.5克。
总之,要多学习通过形制、包浆、字体、锈色来判断银币的真假,以及识别银币的版别。敲击、酸检验等圆戚慧方法尽量少用。另外千万不要用牙齿去咬银币,否则会破坏品相。
具体鉴定方法
(一)验重量:一元银元和原来七钱二分龙洋,重量标准一般为26.6克,流通磨损也应不少于25.5克,反之就要打问号;
(二)听声音:真币轻轻碰击,就会发出纯真、婉转动听的声音,反之其声音或尖高,或尖锐短促,或纯音或低哑。
(三)辩成色:民间有“银子发白眼睛发黑”之说,就是说真币越擦越白,晶莹锃亮,表里一致,反之一擦就发黑,或灰白,或镀银所作,有一种浮躁感。
(四)看纹饰:真币是钢模具由机器冲压而成,字图案清新,流畅自然,龙鳞细致入微,人像眉毛胡子、双眼皮十分清晰,反之图案模糊不清,拖泥带水而不平整。
(五)察边窗:真币经过流通,边齿虽有些磨损,但齿距整体划一;自然流畅圆润,反之边齿生硬,不太整齐,长短不一,有浅深之感。
(六)识包浆:银元在流通或贮藏过程中表面会留下一种特质,叫包浆,又名黑漆古,它即有自然美,又有历史陈迹的美观、反之仿币往往用烟烤或黑鞋油,黑泥等涂橘答抹,看起来不自然,还有异味,很容易擦掉。
(七)摸币面:真币紧密平整,无毛孔,有柔和感反之多砂眼,毛孔版面显得粗糙,在放大镜下币面有凸起的细粒状。总之,我国银元收藏投资,增值空间较 大,它既有收藏价值,又有历史研究价值,但在收藏银元的过程中仔蔽,千万要提高警惕,因为当前造假者比比皆是,防不胜防,所以希望一些初涉银元收藏领域的朋 友,只要我们仔细观察,增强辨别能力,“道高一尺,魔高一丈”。这样我们就不会上当受骗。同时也就会收藏到真品。
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