推荐回答(4个)
■ 道是本,术是表,术源于道。
“内用黄老外用儒术”,是我们历史上最主流的政体运作特征了。
● 所谓【内用黄老外用儒术】:
皇帝本人:道家——活着求长生,死后求得天庭仙位
皇帝的智慧:“权术源于道”,左、右两相龙湖斗,我渔翁得利
皇帝对人民:儒家——都忠于我,都服从封建礼教
丞相:法家——军国大事,无规矩不成方圆
● 泱泱中华上下五千年,历朝历代采用各家学派的思想各有侧重点:
① 秦朝李斯是法家,终秦一代法家至上。
② 西汉重道家,后董仲舒抬出儒家,儒家从此由教育步入政坛。
东汉道家开始不再热衷政治,产生道教。终结汉朝命运的,正是道教。
③ 唐代皇帝祖宗是老子,道家地位不用说。
④ 宋代对儒生的偏重达到极点,“不杀文人”。于是奸佞当朝,内忧外患。
⑤ 元朝铁木真对丘处机几近崇拜,大道行天下。
⑥ 明代,用儒。主要体现在人才选拔上,典型的是“八股取士”。
⑦ 清代,宠佛贬道,沿用八股。
别的不说,单就《道德经》与[皇帝年号]的关系就可见一斑啦!
两千年的辉煌华夏,历三百二十八帝,总共用年号数七百〇八,从汉武帝[建元]为始,历代帝王若遇所谓“天降祥瑞”或内讧外扰,凡国家政事、要事、大事,都要更改年号,喻示着一个新时期开始,以求得社稷平安、皇基永固。
汉文帝对《道德经》的推崇备至;
唐太宗、唐玄宗、朱元璋亲自秉聿注疏《道德经》;
成吉思汗对于道教领袖邱处机的至尊崇拜;
康熙要求满旗皇族、贵族研习《道德经》……
这些都体现了道家学说以及道教思想绵绵不断的历史继承。
然而今天对于道家典籍的了解就太偏颇了。简直是误乱“真经”。一些有严重错误的《道德经》《南华经》《抱朴》《文子》《列子》《道藏》等等注译本,却总是以权威的面目招摇于世……实际上受害最深的,却是那些不求甚解的小白们。有的是根本不懂先秦文言,浑浑噩噩、七拼八凑,还自以为是地称仙道神呢!可笑。——所以建议大家有机会读,就读历代帝王注疏的《道德经》等道家哲学典籍,虽说皇帝们是各抒己见,但也称得上是原汁原味,误读也更少。
对于道家学说的哲学研究,则是个相当费神的活儿,参考资料链接附加[提纲]。
http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/160952037.html
老庄哲学与儒家差异而又统一。(泛泛而谈)
老庄代表的道家,就要用到求真务实,逍遥妙本之美来谈。
更进一步了解儒道构成中华传统文化的核心价值。
必须用和谐辩证法。也就是说我们一些偏好,
“求真务实”老庄养生学,直接影响《抱朴子》炼金术,中医药学孙思逊《千金方》中医学理论体系至今有效,内丹养生系统的产生。
“逍遥妙本之美”来谈如田园式的风情,大自然的回归,王羲之的狂草,苏杭园林艺术等。
道家之人从不空谈,只重清虚之谈,关键拿得出真家伙,此乃大道真宗趣矣!
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