推荐回答(5个)
屈原是战国时代楚国的三闾大夫,他提倡要团结其他国家,来抵抗野心很大的秦国,但是偏偏楚怀王听信了小人的坏话,不肯听从屈原的劝告,结果被骗到秦国,关了起来,最后并死在秦国。
继位的楚襄王也受到小人的挑拨离间,误信屈原有很多坏处,不但没有听从屈原明智的劝告,还把它从楚国放逐了。
心怀大志,一直为国家大事担心的屈原,因为眼看着国家急难而无法拯救他的国家、无法实现他的理想,整天都非常忧愁,常常独自在江边徘徊叹息。有一天,一位在江边钓鱼的渔夫问他为什麽这麽失意落魄,屈原叹气的说:“举世皆醉唯我独醒,举世皆浊唯我独清。”心中的感叹和无奈,在这两句话中都说得很明白了。不久,这位怀才不遇的诗人就抱着砂石,投汨罗江自杀了。
楚国的人民知道这个消息之后,都不约而同的赶到江边来,想找寻他们所敬爱的屈原,可是一直都找不到屈原的身体。为了不让水中的鱼虾把屈原的身体吃掉,他们就在江上划着龙舟、敲锣打鼓,希望能将鱼虾赶跑;还用粽叶包米饭,作成粽子,投到江里喂给鱼虾吃,希望屈原的身体不要受到伤害。这就是划龙舟、包粽子的由来。
屈原投汨罗江这一天,正好是农历的五月五日。大家为了怀念这位诗人、纪念他的爱国精神,并且提醒在位的人,要能分辨出小人与忠贞志士说的话;因此,在每年的农历五月五日这一天,都会举行划龙船、包粽子的活动。
怀王十五年(前304年),张仪由秦至楚,以重金收买靳尚、子南、郑袖等人充当内奸,同时以“献商于之地六百里”诱骗怀王,致使齐楚断交。怀王受骗后恼羞成怒,两度向秦出兵,均遭惨败。于是屈原奉命出使齐国重修齐楚旧好。
此间张仪又一次由秦至楚,进行瓦解“齐楚联盟”的活动,使齐楚联盟未能成功。怀王二十四年,秦楚“黄棘之盟”,楚国彻底投入了秦的怀抱。屈原亦被逐出郢都,到了汉北。
怀王三十年,屈原回到郢都。同年,秦约怀王武关相会,屈原力劝不可,但而怀王的小儿子子兰等却力主怀王入秦,怀王亦不听屈原等人劝告,结果会盟之日即被秦扣留,三年后客死异国。
在怀王被扣后,顷襄王接位,子兰任令尹(相当于宰相),楚秦邦交一度断绝。但顷襄王在接位的第七年,竟然与秦结为婚姻,以求暂时苟安。由于屈原反对他们的可耻立场,并指斥子兰对怀王的屈辱而死负有责任,子兰又指使上官大夫在顷襄王面前造谣诋毁屈原,导致屈原再次被流放到沅、湘一带,时间约为顷襄王十三年前后。
在屈原多年流亡的同时,楚国的形势愈益危急。到顷襄王二十一年,秦将白起攻破楚都郢(今湖北江陵),预示着楚国前途的危机。次年,秦军又进一步深入。屈原眼看自己的一度兴旺的国家已经无望,也曾认真地考虑过出走他国,但最终还是不能离开故土,于悲愤交加之中,自沉于汨罗江,殉了自己的理想。
屈原自杀的日子,可能是五月五日,或距这一天很近的一个日子。五月五日原来是楚地的传统节日,后来人们就把这一天作为纪念屈原的日子,其本来意义,反而鲜为人知了
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