推荐回答(4个)
1、精液量
正常人的每次射精量约2-6毫升,1-2毫升为可疑异常,少于1毫升或大于7毫升的均考虑异常。精液量测定与标本采取前的禁欲时间有关,禁欲时间长,精液量相对较多,一般以禁欲3-7天为宜。在病理情况下,一次射精量多于7ml时,不但精子密度降低,而且易从阴道中流出,以致精子总数降低,常见于精囊炎;小于2ml为精液量过少,但通常以1ml以下为过少。此时精液与女性生殖道接触面积小,或因粘稠不利于精子进入女方宫颈口而导致不育,常见于严重的副性腺炎症、睾酮水平低下、射精管梗阻、逆行射精等。
2、精子密度
一般以每毫升精液中的精子数表示。正常人的精子密度为2千万-1。5亿/毫升,个体差异很大。少于2千万/毫升者,为少精子症,见于各种原因导致的生精功能障碍等,可因精子进入子宫腔及输卵管的机会减少而致生育力低下或不育;大于2。5亿/毫升的为多精子症,精子活动力受到影响;如果多次检查或经离心后检查在精液中没发现精子,则为无精子症。以上三者均为不育因素。需要说明的是,有的人少于2千万/毫升,而由于其精子活动力强,畸形率低也可以生育。如果每次排精的总数低于2千万/毫升,那么就基本上无法自然受孕了。
3、液化
正常精液射出后,在精囊凝固酶的作用下变为胶冻状,5-30分钟后变为不太粘稠的液体状。如果超过半小时不液化,则为精液不液化,精子不能自由活动,从而导致男性不育。另外,将玻璃棒接触已经液化的精液,观察粘稠度,轻轻提捧,可形成精液丝,正常时其长度小于2cm。
4、畸形率
正常精子头部为扁椭圆形,尾部长而弯曲,类似蝌蚪;但有的头部为尖头、大头、双头,体尾部粗短、分叉、双尾等异常。如果这些畸形精子超过30%,则称为畸形精子症,可造成不育。
5、颜色
正常精液的颜色为灰白色或淡黄色。如果精液里有血丝,变为红色或粉色,则为血性精液,镜下可见大量红细胞,常见于副性腺、后尿道的炎症,偶可见于结核或肿瘤;如果精液里含有黄色的分泌物,则为化脓性精液,镜下可见大量脓球,提示生殖道或副性腺存在炎症。
6、酸碱度
正常人的精液PH值在7。2-7。8之间,过酸或过碱都不利于精子的活动和代谢。小于7。2见于射精管梗阻或受尿液污染;大于7。8见于精囊炎症或标本陈旧。
7、炎症细胞
正常精液中白细胞要少于一个“+”号。白细胞增多表明生殖道或副性腺存在感染。
8、存活率
通常在射精后一小时内,具有活动能力的精子应不少于70%(一般为60-80%),若少于60%则为弱精子症;若精液里的精子全部为死的,则为死精子症。
9、活动力
精子的活动力一般分四级。0级指无活动的精子;1级指在原地活动的精子;2级为缓慢向前曲线游动的精子;3级为直线向前游动的精子;4级为快速直线向前游动的精子。一般3级以上的精子,才有可能使卵子受精。一般要求3级+4级(有的标注为a级+b级)精子≥50%。导致精子活动力及存活率降低的常见原因有副性腺炎症、精索静脉曲张、慢性呼吸道感染引起的纤毛不动综合征、精液中存在抗精子抗体或标本贮存不当。
正常精液的颜色为灰白色或淡黄色。正常人的每次射精量约2-6毫升,1-2毫升为可疑异常,少于1毫升或大于7毫升的均考虑异常。正常人的精子密度为2千万-1.5亿/毫升,个体差异很大。少于2千万/毫升者,为少精子症,5-30分钟后变为不太粘稠的液体状。畸形精子超过30%,则称为畸形精子症,可造成不能生育。正常人的精液PH值在7.2-7.8之间,精液中白细胞要少于一个“+”号。
你好,精液分析化验单主要是看精液量,ph值,精子数量,还有精子活力,正常精子百分比。不过单次的分析不是很准确,因为影响因素太多。
一份精液检查,最主要的有以下几个指标,第一个是精液量,第二个是精液浓度,第三个是精子的活力,包括ABC级。
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