滕王阁序和兰亭集序都是序文 试比较它们思想内容的异同
推荐回答（1个）
两篇文章的相同之处是，都有对个体生命短促的忧虑，并都能从由此而产生的伤感中超脱出来归于平静。本文先是被“四美具，二难并”的场景所感染而“逸兴遄飞”，又由宴会美景的易散而生发感慨“识盈虚之有数”，“觉宇宙之无穷”，感到人生无常，个体渺小，联系自身的怀才不遇而产生失落感，所以“兴尽悲来”。但在失落后又转向自励奋发的感情，决定以“君子见机，达人知命”作为生存哲学，要“穷且益坚”。《兰》的感情也是一波三折。先写景、写事、写情，以一“乐”字作统领，然后写宴集之后的感慨，以一“悲”字为核心。由聚想到散，由宴集而想到人生，顿生感慨；随着时光流逝，生命也终有尽期。感慨之余，产生伤感。作者将目光上移至古人，从古人留下的文章来看，古人亦为人生的变化而兴叹，因此斥庄子“一死生”、“齐彭殇”为虚妄，再将目光移至未来，推想后人一定和古今之人的感情相通。死生之大，千古同慨，在深沉的感慨中暗含着对人生的眷恋和热爱，与前文的“乐”遥相照应，形成一个整体。《滕》《兰》二文作者虽然都悲叹，但悲叹并不等于悲观，历史上悲叹人生的往往是最富有创造价值的人士，比如曹操在他的诗中写道“对酒当歌，人生几何。譬如朝露，去日苦多”，但这并不妨碍他成为乱世英雄。正是因为他们对人生充满了执著，对岁月的流逝才如此悲叹。 不同之处在于：王羲之的文章是“消极其表，执著其里”，对人生的坚持蕴藏在字里行间，批判当前士大夫“一死生为虚诞，齐彭殇为妄作”，表现了王羲之抗拒人生虚幻的执著努力，随之又发出“后之视今，亦犹今之视昔，悲夫”的慨叹。可见作者在对人生敏锐、深刻的感受中有一份对人生特别的热爱和执著，这正是对个体之痛的理性思考，是由己悲人的，因而更加深刻。其时代背景是魏晋时期天下名士被统治者所害，少有全者。所以，作者思考生死问题，正说明了个体生命意识的觉醒。而作者这种对生命的热爱并不直接说出来，是因为时代的残酷，文人多谈玄以避祸，受大背景的影响，作者也将强烈的感情用凝练而委婉的形式传达出来。到了王勃的时代，文士已经不再思考生命意识的对错，而是思考生命的价值问题，如何让个体的生命发挥出最大光彩是他们关心的，这是文人生命观的进步。文章在被压抑的苦闷中观照前代名士，发现个体价值不能实现而辜负生命的大有人在，这就更加重了对生命短促的恐慌与伤感。他是由悲人而及己的。同样是出于对生命的热爱，对环境的不屈让王勃发出“老当益壮”“穷且益坚”的宣言，这种强烈的感情直接表达出来的是唐代文人的风格，表现了思想自由开放的时代特点。
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