推荐回答(4个)
"从应然的角度" 是对于一个问题不同角度的分析,可分为“应然”和“实然”。
从实然的角度分析,也就是站在现有法律规范框架内,对于这个案件的处理方式和结果有一种结论。
从应然的角度分析,这种行为是否应当作为违法行为处理。
“渊源”,一般是指法律渊源,是指法律规范的来源,包括法的来源和法的效力的渊源。当代中国的渊源主要为宪法为核心的各种制定法,包括宪法,法律,行政法规,地方性法规,经济特区的规范性文件,特别行政区的法律法规,国际条约国际惯例等。
“应然”:应该处于的状态或者说应当是怎么样的。与此相对应的是“实然”
“实然”是指的是实际是怎样的或者说事实是怎样的。
渊源是楼上正解,但是如果你初学法律完全可以理解为另一个词“形式”。可以理解为法律渊源就是法律的形式(尽管这是不严谨的)。
1. non adversary settlement
非诉讼调解。
2. Sovereign jurisdiction
管辖权。
3. courts of limited jurisdiction
有限管辖权法院.在美国州的司法系统中,有限管辖权法院是最低级的法院,只受理小额诉讼,交通违章的案件等.州的有限管辖法院也被称为低级法院(inferior courts)。
4、diversity jurisdiction
多元管辖,联邦法院对事管理的一种,指联邦法院对双方当事人是美国不同州的常住居民的案件管辖权。
5、judicial district
司法区,法院辖区,(美国民诉中被告对原告起诉状所做的)书面答复。
6、person wronged
受害方。
7、file suit
提起诉讼。
8、the claims court
索赔法院。
9、forum non convenience
[拉]不方便审理得法院,指若法院认为案件由另一法院审理对双方当事人更为方便且能达到上述的目的,可不予受理。
10、code pleading
法典诉答程序,指依照法典确定的规则而进行的诉答,始于1848年美国纽约洲菲尔德法典(Field Code)的规定。
11、qualified denial
有限的否定,指被告在答辩中对原告的主张因缺乏确定性而不足以作出答辩的否认。
12、Party joiner
当事人的合并,制将具有相同权利的多人或对提出同样权利请求的多人合并为一件诉讼的共同原告或共同被告。
13、Cross complaints
交叉诉状,指本诉被告自本诉当事人以外第三人就其与本诉有关的事项提起诉讼的诉状。
14、mistrial
无效审判。
15、deposition
宣誓证词;证言。
16、counterclaims
反诉,指在已开始的诉讼中的被告通过法院向本案原告提出的一项独立的请求,以代替就该请求对原告另外提起的一项单独的诉讼。
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