推荐回答(2个)
知行合一
在我的钢笔上,刻有一行字-----“一生俯首拜阳明。”阳明,是王守仁的号,而王守仁,是我最敬佩最崇拜的人,因为他提出的一个观点,那就是“知行合一”。
千百年来,关于知和行的关系这个问题,人们总是争论不休,有人说知难行易,而有人说知易行难。经历了几千年,王守仁站了出来,提出了知行合一。所谓“知行合一”,就是说:懂得道理与实际应用都是重要的。说得再明白些就是要想实现理想,必须有切实可行的方法。这看上去是句简单的话,实际却蕴含着丰富的哲理。
关于知易行难,最经典的例子就是“纸上谈兵”了。故事内容是这样:赵括饱读兵书,但却不能领悟兵书真谛,带兵时,死套书上的办法,不能灵活应用,结果,40万赵兵全军覆没。由此看来,似乎是实践更重要。但反过来说,要连道理都不懂,又如何去指导实践?因此“知行合一”这种观点便被提了上来。
虽然这是个看似守中立的方针,况且有时凡事守中立不一定对,但这个观点无疑是对的。懂得道理也好,实际运用也好,都不能只强调一个方面:有了理想,空喊口号没有行动,最终一事无成;埋头蛮干,而没有目标,也只能是像无头苍蝇一般没有时效。所以在生活中,我们做事要有一定的目标,并加以切实的行动,有力目标,就有了方向;有力切实行动,就有了前进的动力。这样,二者合一才能做成一件事。
我最讨厌的人,就是古代的隐士,他们看到了社会的腐朽,他们也有满腹的才华,却偏要隐居避世。我不知道什么厌恶官场,不媚流俗;我也不知道什么不攀权贵,隐居避世。我只知道既然看到了社会黑暗我们就应该立下改变社会的目标,并为之努力,运用“知行合一”,来让社会不再黑暗,这才是应该做的。而像隐士那样,非但不会有何好处,还会让社会更黑暗。
故事是由文字写成的,它是供人们用眼睛“看”的;而讲故事是要用嘴说的,说出来的话,是让儿童用耳朵“听”的。这就需要故事上做一番将“字”变“话”的加工了。故事的书面语言,要尽量改成口语化。
1、把文字变成白话
讲故事和写文章不同。讲故事是一种口头文学,应该强调大众化和口语化。讲故事时,应尽量避免过于书面化的语言。有的字、词虽然听上去也不大会发生误解,但不是口语,说出来别扭,听着也不顺耳,最好改成我们平时说的大白话。
比如:“他每每见到古人的书法名迹,总要手不释卷。”不如改成“总是不舍得把书放在一旁。”
2、去掉“谁说谁说”
在书面故事中,两人对话不交待“谁说谁说”,容易产生混乱;可是讲故事,可以利用声音艺术这一特征,靠着讲故事人的表演,运用不同的声调,不同的语气,不同的速度,把这句话是谁说的交待得更加清楚、生动。这样,在讲故事时,能省去“谁说谁说”,要尽量省去。
多多异想天开地说:“快嘴鸟,如果我们有一支马良的神笔,该多好啊!”
快嘴鸟马上接过来说:“哈哈,神笔,画什么就有什么,太好了!”
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