如何测量微波炉磁控管的好坏?

2024-11-02 22:39:47
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

  1、关机后,将高压电容放电,拔下磁控管。
2、用万用表x1欧电阻档测两灯丝脚,阻值应<1欧。
3、用x10k档测任一灯丝脚对地都是‘无穷大’。
4、拔掉磁控管灯丝任一端,通电,开机让其在正常状态下工作约2秒,立即关机(拔掉电源插头),并迅速测量高压电容对“地”的电压(用1000V档测),应有500V(等的时间长短不一,电压值也不一样)电压并很快下降。若是这样,则更换磁控管。
5、若2项不正常,则直接换磁控管。若3项不正常则应检查:高压保险丝、电容、变压器等。

微波炉磁控管的检测方法:

磁控管是微波炉的关键器件,主要由管芯和磁铁两部分构成,如图1。管芯由阴极、灯丝、阳极、天线(波导管)等构成。其工作原理是:在接通电源后,高压变压器次级灯丝线圈两端产生的3.3V交流电给磁控管灯丝供电。与此同时,高压绕组产生的约2000V交流高压经高压电容限流,二极管整流后得到约2000V的直流高压加至磁控管阳极,形成加速电场(阳极接地,实际上是阴极为负2000V,见图2),使阴极(分直热式和间热式两种,图2中为直热式)发射的电子向阳极加速运动。在电子向阳极加速运动的过程中还要受到永久磁铁所形成的垂直方向上的强磁场作用,因此电子是边旋转边向阳极加速运动(就像子弹在枪管中的运动一样),旋转速度也不断变快。阳极做成内齿轮状(见图lb),形成偶数个空腔,称为谐振腔。每个谐振腔就是一个微波谐振器,其谐振频率取决于谐振腔尺寸。电子在通过扇形谐振腔时会发生振荡.且频率不断升高。当频率达到2400MHz以后便形成微波,由波导管口发射,再传输到炉膛内对食品加热。

磁控管的好坏主要是测量灯丝(对于直热式就是阴极,目前绝大多数为直热式).包括用磁棒作铁芯的电感线圈是否断路,也就是磁控管上灯丝引线端之间应是通的(但对外壳阻值应无穷大),正常阻值应小于1Ω。这也是判别是否衰老的标志,此值越小越好,大于1Ω说明已衰老。对于磁控管,目前尚无统一标称型号,比如同一型号格兰仕WD700型微波炉有的用的是东芝进口管,型号为2M253K.而有的用国产管,型号则为M24FB-210A。代换时最好注意功率与安装脚位与原管一致。功率过小,达不到原来加热效果(虽然磁控管功率有一定调节余地);过大,可能损坏高压转换器或高压整流二极管。另外,对于高压保险管的特征.主要是外形较长(4cm),具有延时特性,装在特制的绝缘保险盒内,不能用普通保险管代替。有人用彩电用的3.15A的延时保险管代替,不仅熔断电流太大,起不到保险作用,且其长度较短不符高压要求。

灯丝冷态电阻:用(万用表,下同)R×1k挡测,正常小于1 Q(通常为几十mΩ灯丝与管壳问电阻用R×10k挡测,正常为无穷大。灯丝电阻大是造成磁控管输出功率偏低的常见原因之一。如果测出灯丝电阻较大,不要轻易判断磁控管已坏或已衰老。实践表明,这种情况大多是磁控管灯丝引脚或插座氧化积垢后形成的接触电阻也有是测量失误所致,通常是万用表表笔与测量点,或表笔与插座问的接触电阻所致,而磁控管本身的问题较少见,一般只有使用寿命期已过、长期过载工作或少数存在质量缺陷的磁控管才可能发生这种故障。所以检测时,首先万用表应正常,且测量方法要正确,其次应将磁控管管脚砂光或刮光,去除污垢和氧化物后再测量,如果测量电阻还是大,就可判断磁控管不良。
灯丝开路大多是磁控管本身损坏,对此一般只好换新管,但少数磁控管灯丝开路是引线脱焊所致。修理时可将灯丝底座撬开,随后用钢丝钳子将引线和连接片夹紧,再用烙铁焊牢就可以了。

回答2:

磁控管就那两插头,两个插头之间的电阻就是灯丝电阻。
灯丝电阻很小,测下试试
两插头之间的相对电压很小,只有3,4伏
但两插头的对地电压都很大能有4000左右,且两插头无区分
灯丝电压产生电子流,而工作电压4000多给它加速的

回答3:

断电后放置几分钟,用万用表1欧档测插头的两个点,阻值不能等于0,一定要有阻值。在用10K档侧插头的任意一端另一个表笔接在磁控的外壳,阻值是无穷大。磁控管上的插头是不用分的。

回答4:

没有灯丝 好坏要听磁控管的声音的 量是不准的 不分高低压

回答5:

微波炉磁控管好坏判断

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