推荐回答(3个)
正好有空,和楼主多聊两句。
当然单反好,且远不止好一些,无论是哪一端。
1、评判照相机好坏的标准有四项,传感器、图像处理器、镜头、操控,如果这四项全优,照相机就全优,没有例外。俺分述一下:
2、传感器。传感器是数码成像的最重要核心。现在传感器技术主要有三类,第一类是标准传感器,含堆栈式和背照式两种,以索尼和尼康的技术最强,东芝次之,松下和佳能差一点。索尼是研发这类传感器的大佬,外输最多,徕卡、尼康、宾得理光、奥林巴斯直至现在的佳能,都买索尼传感器。尼康研发的家用传感器(瑞莎公司代工)是最好的,没有之一,但只装备于自家的旗舰单反,比如D3、D4S、DF等,规模不大;第二类是富士研发的有机传感器,RGB色彩排列特殊,无需低通滤波镜,画质很好,富士自产自销;三是柯达技术适马专利的X3传感器,低感画质惊艳,但高感很差,没有入主流,一般都是摄影师和发烧友在玩。此外,索尼现在还在研发曲面传感器等新技术,就不再展开了。
3、评判传感器好不好,有四项硬指标,一是面积(也就是画幅),越大越好,越大越贵,这在参数中有标注,楼主说的佳能无敌三是全画幅传感器(面积是36x24毫米),长焦机一般是1/2.3英寸(面积是6.17×4.55毫米),天差地别,画质也就天差地别;二是色彩深度,三是动态范围(宽容度),四是可用高感。后三项在参数中没有标注,但国际最权威的传感器评测机构法国DXO实验室对主流照相机都有评测,并以量化评分方式公布于众,长焦相机的传感器被评测的资格都没有(这有点像著名运动项目的国际排名得分,只是运动得分会变动,传感器得分是固定的,如果中国足球与欧洲足球去比得分排名,结果也就是天差地别了)。传感器质量单反和长焦机的差别巨大,画质差别也巨大;
4、图像处理器。相机制造商在同一时期是将该时期的相同图像处理器抓装备于各种机器的,比如2015年佳能单反装备的是D6芯片(图像处理器),最基础的卡片机装备的也是D6芯片,但在芯片中设置的计算程序是完全不同的,单反要强大很多。至于佳能(尼康、索尼等都一样)是如何分别设置这些图像合成计算程序的,这是商业机密,外人无法得知。但算法不同是铁定的,无敌三的芯片比长焦机的芯片的图像合成计算要强大无数倍;
5、镜头。镜头说来复杂,论证镜头标准更复杂,而且更专业。俺简单说,单反镜头的用料、设计、结构都要比长焦机好很多,实战中体现的是分辨率、暗角(渐晕)、色散(如紫边等)、色彩还原、焦外二线性、同心圆等成像指标要优秀,一个好的单反长焦镜头(比如佳能大白),仅仅价格可以买四五个长焦相机,单反的镜头成像要比长焦机镜头好很多,即便是狗头;
6、操控。以上的传感器、图像处理器和镜头关乎像质,最终体现在画质上,尔操控则关系到拍到拍不到的问题,比如对焦速度,单反能对比赛中的F1赛车对焦成功,长焦机不行,根本对不住焦,能看到但拍不到,实践中只能采用变通的办法,比如采用陷阱对焦法(俗称守株待兔法)等,直接对焦是不会成功的,追焦就更不行了;比如对焦精度,单反可以准确对焦林中的蜘蛛网的网丝,长焦机对不住焦点;还比如单反连拍快、电池续航强、取景明亮准确、抗恶劣环境能力强(比如沙漠、湿地、极寒极热地区等)等等,不再一一赘述;
总之,单反以追求画质为前提,但缺点是傻大黑粗,还要根据不同的题材选不同镜头,长焦机一机走天下,啥都可以拍到(快速移动的被摄物例外),但画质就不要太讲究的,楼主说的两类相机的比较,俺可以认真地回复,画质差别很大,单反好很多,而不是好点而已。
楼主参考。
以前的变焦都是中间焦段最好,现在新出的长变焦镜头都是最长端画质最好
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