推荐回答(5个)
帕金森病是一种常见的神经系统变性疾病,老年人多见。最主要的病理改变是中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元的变性死亡,由此而引起纹状体DA含量显著性减少而致病。起病隐袭,进展缓慢。主要表现为静止性震颤、运动迟缓、肌强直和姿势步态障碍。约70%的患者以震颤为首发症状,多始于一侧上肢远端,静止时出现或明显,随意运动时减轻或停止,精神紧张时加剧,入睡后消失。手部静止性震颤在行走时加重,典型的表现是频率为4~6Hz的“搓丸样”震颤。检查者活动患者的肢体、颈部或躯干时可觉察到有明显“铅管样强直”。运动迟缓指动作变慢,始动困难,主动运动丧失。患者的运动幅度会减少,尤其是重复运动时,面具脸,说话声音单调低沉、吐字欠清。写字可变慢变小,称为“小写征”。洗漱、穿衣和其他精细动作可变的笨拙、不灵活。行走的速度变慢,常曳行,手臂摆动幅度会逐渐减少甚至消失。步距变小。
药物治疗是帕金森病最主要的治疗手段。左旋多巴制剂仍是最有效的药物。手术治疗是药物治疗的一种有效补充。康复治疗、心理治疗及良好的护理也能在一定程度上改善症状。目前应用的治疗手段主要是改善症状,但尚不能阻止病情的进展。可选:①非麦角类多巴胺受体激动剂;②MAO-B抑制剂;③金刚烷胺;④复方左旋多巴+儿茶酚-氧位-甲基转移酶抑制剂;⑤复方左旋多巴。
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帕金森是一种中老年人的退行性病,主要是脑内多巴胺递质的绝对地减少后引起的一系列症状,它的主要临床表现有运动症状,主要表现为静止性震颤,肌强直,姿势步态异常和行动迟缓,同时还有非运动症状,主要表现为便秘,睡眠障碍,焦虑,抑郁,多汗,心慌等自主神经紊乱的症状。帕金森的治疗是个综合治疗及个体化治疗。它的治疗主要是补充外源性的多巴胺,常用的药物有美多巴,息宁,多巴胺受体激动剂,森福罗,罗匹尼罗,罗替高汀还等。防止多巴胺降解的药物司来吉兰,雷沙吉兰,恩他卡朋。抗胆碱药物苯海索,及金刚烷胺等。具体药物的调节要到医院根据患者的临床表现调药。
帕金森病又称震颤麻痹,是一种常见的中老年人神经系统性病变。可以并发运动障碍,感染等,因为此病是一种进行性疾病所有的药物治疗只能改善和提高患者的生活质量,不能够阻止病情的发展。
帕金森隐匿起病,缓慢进展,临床症状包括运动症状,和非运动症状。运动症状包括,静止性震颤、肌强直、运动迟缓、姿势平衡障碍。非运动症状包括感觉障碍、睡眠障碍、自主神经功能障碍、精神障碍等。帕金森病的治疗,应包括对运动症状和非运动症状的治疗,采取综合治疗,包括药物、手术、运动疗法等。药物治疗作为首选,且是整个治疗过程中的主要治疗手段,手术治疗是药物治疗的一种有效补充。
一定要注意 帕金森患者平时饮食需要注意: 一、菜要淡 帕金森病是一种综合性疾病,不但会引起运动障碍,还会引起一些非运动障碍,例如嗅觉、味觉减退。所以在饮食上常常会觉得食而无味,总喜欢吃口味重的食物来增强食欲,这样无意中就增加了盐的摄入量。盐吃多了会加重肾的负担,可能降低口腔黏膜的屏障作用,增加感冒病毒在上呼吸道生存和扩散的几率。因此,每天的食盐摄入量应控制在5克左右,同时要少吃酱肉和其他咸食
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