世界上第一个给风定级的科学家是唐朝的哪个人?

2025-02-13 17:48:26
推荐回答(3个)
回答1:

  旧唐书·李淳风传》载:李淳风,隋仁寿二年(壬戌)(公元602年)生于岐州雍(今陕西凤翔岐山镇),其父李播,隋朝时曾任县衙小吏,以秩卑不得志,弃官而为道士,颇有学问,自号黄冠子,注《老子》、撰方志图十卷、《天文大象赋》等。因此,从小被誉为“神童”的李淳风在其父的影响下,博览群书,尤钟情于天文、地理、道学、阴阳之学,9岁便远赴河南南坨山静云观拜至元道长为师。17岁回到家乡,经李世民的好友刘文静推荐,成为李世民的谋士,参与了反隋兴唐大起义。618年,李渊称帝封李世民为秦王,李淳风成为秦王府记室参军。
  唐贞观元年(627年),李淳风以将仕郎直入太史局。在置掌天文、地理、制历、修史之职的太史局,李淳风如鱼得水,充分展现其才智,鞠躬尽瘁40年,取得了一系列光耀历史星空的成就。
  1.他改进汉代落下闳发明的天文浑仪,加黄道、赤道、白道三环(古称三辰仪),使天文观测更便捷精确,是当时世界上最先进的天文观测仪器。唐以后所制浑仪都仿此结构,现南京紫金山天文台复制的古浑仪亦仿此结构。
  2.他受诏主持并与国学算学博士梁述、太学助教王真儒等注解的《周髀算经》和《古算十经》颁行为全国教材,是世界上最早的数学教材,对后世东方数学影响巨大深远。中国、日本、朝鲜、越南等国一直沿用到近代。李约瑟博士称其为:“整个中国历史上最伟大的数学著作注解”。
  3.他25岁上书改进《戊寅元历》,唐太宗亲自主持专家评议,最终采纳了李淳风七条建议。
  4.他编著《晋书·天文志》时,总结的慧星尾“夕见则东指,晨见则西指”,常背太阳的规律,比西方早九百多年。被李约瑟誉为“天文学知识的宝库”,对后世天文学发展影响深远。
  5.他集近40年对天文观测、推算的成果,编制了《麟德历》,而成为他在太史局工作的收山杰作,术者称其精密。
  6.他在淳风村隐居期间,用自己设计的“三脚鸡风动标”观风、测风,并将风定为八级,而成为世界上第一个给风定级的古代科学家,1000年后,欧州人才在李淳风所定八级风基础上细化为十三级风。李淳风不仅在科学实践中成就卓著,而在著书立说上也成就颇丰:
  (1)他25岁就著了天文观测和历算的《法象志》七卷;
  (2)他受诏编注了《晋书》、《隋书》、《五代史》等;
  (3)他著《文思博要》、《演齐民要术》等;
  (4)他与袁天罡合著《推背图》,预言了“太平天国”、“清兵入关”、“日本侵华”等历史事件,被誉为东方千古预言奇书;
  (5)他著《宅经》,而被尊为风水宗师;
  (6)他著《六壬阴阳经》,而被尊为六壬祖师;
  (7)他编著中国古代第一部星象巨著《乙巳占》,被誉为中国古代星象百科全书,是一部古代气象学专著,具有重要的文化史和科学史价值。
  (8)他著《金锁流珠引》、《太上赤文洞神三篆注》而成为道学经典名著,并成为唐代道家名人。
  因此,明代杨维贞指出:“古今知天文历数者,应首推李淳风”。
  由于李淳风的卓越成就和贡献,受到了唐初李渊、李世民、李治三代皇帝的重用和拔擢。
  他在朝廷48年,

回答2:

李淳风

回答3:

听听歌

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