英语中副词的用法

副词及其基本用法 【希望能对您学副词 有帮助】

副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。
一、副词的位置：
1） 在动词之前。
2） 在be动词、助动词之后。
3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。

注意：
a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。
We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.
b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。
He speaks English well.

二、副词的排列顺序：
1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。
2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。
Please write slowly and carefully.
3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。
改错：(错) I very like English.
(对) I like English very much.

注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
I don't know him well enough.
There is enough food for everyone to eat.
There is food enough for everyone to eat.
一定要和形容词结合才能分清副词的用法:

形容词和副词形容词和副词在语法结构中主要用于比较级和最高级。形容词和副词的构成形式基本上一样，它们的形式与单音节、双音节和多音节有关，当然还有其特殊形式。形容词和副词比较级的基本用法分为同级比较、比较级和最高级三种形式。但这三种形式都有它们特殊的表达方式以及它们的惯用法。对以下要点大家须一一掌握。

第一节 形容词比较级和最高级的形式

一、形容词比较级和最高级的构成
形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下
构 成 法 原 级 比 较 级 最 高 级
① 一般单音节词末尾加�er 和 �est strong stronger strongest
② 单音节词如果以�e结尾，只加�r 和�st strange stranger strangest
③ 闭音节单音节词如末尾只有 一个辅音字母，
须先双写这个辅音字母，再加�er和�est sad
big
hot sadder
bigger
hotter saddest
biggest
hottest
④ 少数以�y,�er(或�ure),�ow,�ble结尾的双音节词，
末尾加�er和�est(以�y结尾的词，如�y前是辅音字母，
把y变成i，再加�er和�est，以�e结尾的词仍
只加�r和�st) angry
clever
narrow
noble angrier
cleverer
narrower
nobler angrest
cleverest
narrowest
noblest
⑤ 其他双音节和多音节词都在前面加单词more和most different more
different most
different

1) The most high 〔A〕 mountain in 〔B〕 the world is Mount Everest， which is situated 〔C〕 in Nepal and is
twenty�nine thousand one hundred and fourty one feet high 〔D〕 .
2) This house is spaciouser 〔A〕 than that 〔B〕 white 〔C〕 one I bought in Rapid City， South Dakota 〔D〕 last year.
3) Research in the social 〔A〕 sciences often proves difficulter 〔B〕 than similar 〔C〕 work in the physical 〔D〕 sciences.

二、形容词比较级或最高级的特殊形式：
1. 三个或三个以上音节的形容词只能加more和most
只能说 more beautiful而不能说beautifuller; 只能说the most beautiful而不能说beautifullest。
但是，以形容前缀�un结尾的三音节形容词不适合上述情况，如unhappy,untidy，我们可以说：unhappier→unhappiest, untidier→untidiest
2. 由�ING分词和�ED分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级
more(most) striking, more(most) interesting, more(most) wounded, more(most)worn等。
4) The drawings 〔A〕 of the old masters 〔B〕 are among the treasuredest 〔C〕 works in museums 〔D〕 .
3. 英语里有些形容词由于其词义而不可能有比较级形式

absolute fatal main right universal
chief final naked simulta- utter
entire foremost perfect neous vital
eternal inevitable possible sufficient whole
excellent infinite primary supreme wooden

三、不规则形容词的比较级和最高级形式

good
well better best

bad
ill worse worst

many
much more most

little
few less least

far farther farthest
further furthest

5) African elephants are larger， fiercer， and difficulter 〔A〕 to tame 〔B〕 than 〔C〕 Asian elephants 〔D〕 .
6) Sarah Hale became 〔A〕 one of the famousest 〔B〕 magazine 〔C〕 editors in the United States during 〔D〕 the 1800’s.
7) Of all 〔A〕 the Native American tribes 〔B〕 ， the Shawnee Indians were 〔C〕 a most 〔D〕 transient.

第二节 副词比较级和最高级的形式

副词比较级和最高级的变化形式与形容词基本上一样
一般 副词
hard→harder →hardest
fast→faster →fastest
late→later →latest
early→earlier →earliest
特殊 副词
well →better →best
much →more →most
badly →worse →worst
little →less →least 但是，开放类副词即以后缀�ly结尾的副词不能像形容词那样加�er或�est，如
quickly →more quickly →most quickly quietly →more quietly →most quietly
〔注〕： early中的�ly不是后缀，故可以把�y变�i再加�er和�est

第三节 形容词与副词比较级和最高级的基本用法

一、原级比较的基本用法
1. 原级比较由“as＋形容词或副词(或再加名词或短语)＋as ”构成“原级相同”比较句，表示两者比较；其否定式，即“程度不及”比较句型为“not so(as) ＋形容词或副词＋as”，而且as…as结构前可用just, almost, nearly, quite等表示程度的词修饰
1) Walking briskly for thirty minutes will burn as many calories as .
〔A〕 to run for fifteen minutes
〔B〕 running for fifteen minutes
〔C〕 you run for fifteen minutes
〔D〕 fifteen�minute walking
2) The gorilla(大猩猩)， while 〔A〕 not quite as curious than 〔B〕 the chimpanzee(黑猩猩)， shows more persistence 〔C〕 and memory retention(记忆力) in solving 〔D〕 a problem.
3) Alaska is twice 〔A〕 as larger 〔B〕 as 〔C〕 the next largest 〔D〕 state， Texas.
2. “as (so)＋名词＋as＋名词”进行名词比较，这时一般情况下有一个表示原级的比较词，但如果第一名词前出现了形容词修饰该词或出现副词修饰谓语，应当用so而不用as
4) Thomas Jefferson’s achievements as an architect rival his contributions a politician.
〔A〕 such
〔B〕 more
〔C〕 as
〔D〕 than
5) I should say Henry is not much a writer as a reporter. (88年考题)
〔A〕 that
〔B〕 so
〔C〕 this
〔D〕 as
二、比较级
1. 比较级由“形容词(副词)比较级＋than＋…，”构成表示在两者中间一方比另一方“更加…”。连词than后可接句子，也可接名词、代词、名词短语、介词短语、动词、动词不定式、�ING结构和�ED结构，有时也可省去than。
6) Natural mica(云母) of 〔A〕 a superior 〔B〕 quality is cheapest 〔C〕 to obtain than synthetic 〔D〕 mica.
7) She is older than .
〔A〕 any other girl in the group
〔B〕 any girl in the group
〔C〕 all girls in the group
〔D〕 you and me as well as the group
8) Josephine McCrackin joined 〔A〕 the “Santa Cruz Sentinel” in 1905 and， until her death fifteen years late 〔B〕 ， remained 〔C〕 active in journalistic 〔D〕 work.
2. 注意than前后两项相比较的人或事物要一致
9) The purpose of the research had a more important meaning for them than .
〔A〕 ours
〔B〕 with us
〔C〕 for ours it had
〔D〕 it did for us
10) Sound travels air.
〔A〕 faster through water than through 〔B〕 faster than through water and
〔C〕 through water faster and〔D〕 where it is faster through water than through
11) Gerbrand von den Feckhout， one of Rembrand’s pupils， followed 〔A〕 the style of his teacher so implicitly that 〔B〕 his paintings 〔C〕 are sometimes confused with his master 〔D〕 .

三、最高级
1. 最高级用于三者以上比较，形容词的结构形式是“定冠词＋形容词最高级＋名词＋表示范围的短语或从句”(如all, of all, of the tree, in the world, that has ever taken place等)
12) The more 〔A〕 fearsome of all the 〔B〕 animals in 〔C〕 the Western 〔D〕 Hemisphere is the grizzly bear.
13) Of all economic 〔A〕 problems， inflation continues to be 〔B〕 a 〔C〕 most significant in its daily impact on 〔D〕 people and business.
14) ， the most familiar to general public is the criminal jurisdiction.
〔A〕 All the activities
〔B〕 The activities
〔C〕 Of all the activities
〔D〕 It is the activities
2. 副词的最高级与形容词最高级的区别在于最高级前没有定冠词the

第四节 形容词和副词的特殊表达法

一、形容词与副词的同级比较： 由“as(so)…as”引出，其否定式为“not so…”或“not as…as”,考生还应注意下列含有“as”结构或短语的句子
1. as such：表示上文所指明的事或人
He is a child,and must be treated as such. 他是个孩子，必须被当作孩子对待。
2. as much：表示“与…同量”
Take as much as you like. 拿多少都行。
I would gladly have paid twice as much for it. 就是价格再贵一倍，我也会愿意把它买下的。
He as much as admitted the whole story. 他几乎全部承认了。
3. as many：表示“与…一样多”
I found six mistakes in as many lines. 我在六行中发现了六个错。

二、表示“几倍于”的比较级：用twice (两倍)，four times (四倍)，ten times (十倍)加上as … as 结构
This one is four times as big as that one. 这个是那个的四倍大。(这个比那个大三倍。) / Our campus is three times as large as yours. 我们的校园比你们的大两倍。 / He has books twice as many as she does. 他的书比她多一倍。
1) The five�year deal obligates 〔A〕 the country to buy nine million tons 〔B〕 of grain a year 〔C〕 ， three million more as 〔D〕 the old pact’s minimum.

三、“the same ＋名词＋as”表示同等比较
2) The lens of a camera performs the lens of the eye.
〔A〕 in the same function 〔B〕 the same function as
〔C〕 the function is the same as 〔D〕 and has the same function
3) The elimination of inflation would ensure that the amount of money used in repaying a loan would
have as the amount of money borrowed.
〔A〕 as the same value 〔B〕 the same value
〔C〕 value as the same 〔D〕 the value is the same

四、比较级前可用a little, a bit, slightly, a great deal, a lot,many, much等词语表示不定量，far, completely,still表示程度或更进一步
4) There are now methods for studying color vision in infants than there once were.
〔A〕 more sophisticated than
〔B〕 much more sophisticated
〔C〕 much sophisticated
〔D〕 sophisticated
5) The photographs of Mars taken by satellite are than those taken from the Earth.
〔A〕 clearest
〔B〕 the clearest
〔C〕 much clearer
〔D〕 more clearer
6) Common porpoises(海豚) are usually not considered 〔A〕 migratory， although 〔B〕 some do move 〔C〕 to more warmer 〔D〕 waters in winter.

兼有两种形式的副词

1) close与closely
close意思是"近"； closely 意思是"仔细地"
He is sitting close to me.
Watch him closely.
2) late 与lately
late意思是"晚"； lately 意思是"最近"
You have come too late.
What have you been doing lately?
3) deep与deeply
deep意思是"深"，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，"深深地"
He pushed the stick deep into the mud.
Even father was deeply moved by the film.
4) high与highly
high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much
The plane was flying high.
I think highly of your opinion.
5) wide与widely
wide表示空间宽度；widely意思是"广泛地"，"在许多地方"
He opened the door wide.
English is widely used in the world.
6) free与freely
free的意思是"免费"；freely 的意思是"无限制地"
You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.
You may speak freely; say what you like.

副词及其基本用法

副词主要用来修饰动词，形容词，副词或其他结构。
一、副词的位置：
1） 在动词之前。
2） 在be动词、助动词之后。
3） 多个助动词时，副词一般放在第一个助动词后。

注意：
a. 大多数方式副词位于句尾，但宾语过长，副词可以提前，以使句子平衡。
We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.
b. 方式副词well，badly糟、坏，hard等只放在句尾。
He speaks English well.

二、副词的排列顺序：
1） 时间，地点副词，小单位的在前，大单位在后。
2） 方式副词，短的在前，长的在后，并用and或but等连词连接。
Please write slowly and carefully.
3） 多个不同副词排列：程度+地点+方式+时间副词。

注意：副词very 可以修饰形容词，但不能修饰动词。
改错：(错) I very like English.
(对) I like English very much.

注意：副词enough要放在形容词的后面，形容词enough放在名词前后都可。
I don't know him well enough.
There is enough food for everyone to eat.
There is food enough for everyone to eat.

副 词 的 定 义: 副词是一种用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或全句的词,说明时间,地点,程度,方式等概念。
副 词 的 分类: 1) 时间和频度副词:

now,then,often,always,usually,early,today, lately, next,last,already,generally,frequently, seldom,ever,never,yet,soon,too, immediately, hardly,finally,shortly, before, ago,sometimes, yesterday.

2) 地点副词:

here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round , around, near, off, past, up, away, on.

3) 方式副词:

carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly

4) 程度副词:

much,little, very,rather,so,too,still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely,almost, slightly.

5) 疑问副词:

how, when, where, why.

6) 关系副词:

when, where, why.

7) 连接副词:

how, when, where, why, whether.

副 词 的 用法：副词在句中可作状语,表语,短语。

He works hard.

他工作努力。

You speak English quite well.

你英语讲的很好。

Is she in ?

她在家吗?

Let's be out.

让我们出去吧。

Food here is hard to get.

这儿很难弄到食物。

副 词 的 位 置:

1) 多数副词都可以放在动词的后面,如果动词带有宾语,副词就放在宾语后面。

I get up early in the morning everyday.

我每天早早起床。

He gave me a gift yesterday.

他昨天给了我一件礼物。

She didn't drink water enough.

她没喝够水。

The train goes fast.

火车跑得快。

We can go to this school freely.

我们可以免费到这家学校学习。

They left a life hardly then.

当时他们的生活很艰难。

He has a new cat on today.

他今天戴了一顶新帽子。

I have seen this film twice with my friends.

这部电影我和朋友看过两次。

2) 副词修饰形容词,副词时,副词在前面,而被修饰的词在后面。

It's rather easy, I can do it.

这很容易,我能做到。

He did it quite well.

他做得相当好。

It's rather difficult to tell who is right.

很难说谁是对的。

It's so important that I must tell my friends.

这件事太重要了，我得告诉我的朋友。

It's much better.

好多了。

3) 频度副词可放在实义动词的前面,情态动词和助动词的后面。

I often help him these days.

这些日子我经常帮助他。

I always remember the day when I first came

to this school.

我常常记得我第一次来学校的那一天。

You mustn't always help me.

你不能老是帮助我。

He seldom comes to see us.

他很少来看我们。

We usually go shopping once a week.

我们通常一周买一次东西。

The new students don't always go to dance.

新学生并不时常去跳舞。

4) 疑问副词,连接副词,关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词,通常放在句子或从句的前面。

When do you study everyday?

你每天什么时间学习?

Can you tell me how you did it?

你能告诉我你如何做的吗?

First, let me ask you some questions.

先让我来问几个问题。

How much does this bike cost?

这辆车子多少钱？

Either you go or he comes.

不是你去就是他来。

The students were reading when the teacher came into the classroom.

当老师进教室时，学生们正在读书。

5) 时间副词和地点副词在一个句中, 地点副词在前面时间副词在后面。

We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday.

昨天九点钟我们到超市买东西了.

What were you doing in the classroom yesterday evening?

昨天下午你在教室里干什么？

The accident took place one hour ago in the Eleven Avenue.

一小时前十一号大街发生了一场事故。

副词是用来修饰谓语动词的
副词的位置有时在动词前，有时在动词后，有时在一句之首，有时在一句之末，使一些初学者对一些副词的位置感到难以捉摸。由于副词的位置比较自由灵活，所以使用副词时应遵循一定的原则。副词在句中的位置规则如下：
一、多数的副词都可以放在动词后面，如果是及物动词，一般就放在宾语后面。例如：

I remember having seen him somewhere.

我记得在哪儿见过他。
He runs fast.

他跑得很快。

二、疑问副词：how , when, where, why放在句子的开头。例如：

Where did he go yesterday?

他昨天去哪儿了？
Why didn’t you help your classmates with their lessons?

为什么你不帮助你的同学们学习功课？

三、关系副词和连接副词放在所连接从句的开头。例如：

I should like to know when the new term will begin?

我想知道新学期什么时候开始。

That is the place where he was born.

那就是他出生的地方。

四、频度副词通常都放在动词前面，但若句子里面有情态动词，助动词或动词be，就放在这类动词的后面。例如：

He often does this.

他常常这样做。

You must always bear this in mind.

这一点你要常记在心里。

She is seldom ill.

她很少生病。

Will you still be here tomorrow?

明天你还能在这儿吗？

五、程度副词一般都放在它所修饰的词的前面。例如：

I am awfully sorry for it.

这事我非常抱歉。

I don’t quite agree with you .

我不完全同意你的意见。

六、当几个副词用在一起时，通常的顺序是状态副词——地点副词——时间副词。例如：

They worked well here yesterday.

他们昨天在这里工作得很好。

He arrived safely the day before yesterday.

他前天安全地到达此地。

七、如果副词是修饰整句的话，就放在句首。例如：

Fortunately he succeeded in it.
幸运地他成功了

Truly it is an important affair.
这的确是一件重要的事。

八、在the+副词比较级的形式中，副词放在句首。例如：

The sooner you come, the better it will be .

你来得越早越好。

The more they talked, the more encouraged they felt.

副词是用来修饰动词和形容词的。
一般以ly结尾，放在形容词或动词的前面，表示程度。