聂树斌案暴露了什么样的法律问题

2025-02-08 04:12:18
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

聂树斌案无罪案,再一次警示严格规范司法的重要性。

一是要强化人权保障理念,尤其要高度重视对犯罪嫌疑人、被告人合法权益的保障。要将尊重和保障人权理念贯穿于刑事诉讼的全过程和各环节,从源头上有效防止冤假错案的发生。

二是要强化程序公正理念。程序公正是司法公正的重要组成部分,程序违规违法,不仅严重影响程序正义,而且会严重危害实体公正。必须坚决摒弃重实体、轻程序,重口供、轻其他证据等做法,坚决杜绝指供、诱供甚至刑讯逼供,严把程序关,严格依法规范办案。

三是强化证据裁判理念。在审查判断证据、认定案件事实时,既要审查对被告人不利的证据,也要审查对被告人有利的证据;既要审查证据的客观性,也要审查证据的合法性。坚持任何证据未经质证不得作为定案根据的要求。

对缺乏客观证据,主要依据供证一致定案的案件尤其要注重审查供述的真实性、合法性,审查据以定案的证据是否形成完整证据锁链,不放过任何疑点,使公正裁判奠基在严密的证据体系基础之上,切实把好公正裁判的证据关。

四是要强化互相制约原则。在侦查、起诉、审判环节,各职能部门都要严格依法,认真履职,把好关口,全面落实刑事诉讼法规定的分工负责、互相配合、互相制约原则,不能重配合、轻制约,甚至不制约。

五是要强化有错必纠理念。既要尽最大努力有效避免冤假错案,又要勇于纠正已经发现的冤假错案。对当事人的申诉,一定要认真细致、尽职尽责进行审查;对确有冤情的申诉,要及时依法进行审理。

扩展资料

意义

——切实贯彻疑罪从无原则。聂树斌案是典型的疑案。从在卷证据看,虽然聂树斌本人一直认罪,但其供述有诸多疑点;虽然也有客观证据在卷,但重要物证的来源不清、证明力明显不足;虽然有供证一致的情形,但又存在证据链条不完整、不可靠的问题。

对这样的案件宣告无罪,能够充分彰显疑罪从无原则的价值蕴含,有力促进疑罪从无原则的贯彻落实。

——对历史疑案的处理坚持应当实事求是态度。本案发生在上世纪90年代,受当时执法理念、执法条件、执法水平等因素的影响,本案存在不少程序瑕疵和不规范做法,甚至存在一些重大疑问和缺陷。

对此,本院在再审中坚持以历史的眼光,实事求是、客观理性的看待,不纠缠于细枝末节,但是对其中严重违反法定程序,导致在案证据真实性、合法性存在重大疑问,证明力受到严重影响等关系到案件基本事实是否能够认定、基本证据是否确实充分的问题,在裁判文书中态度鲜明,不回避,不含糊。

——明确对证据缺失的裁判规则。本案复查和再审期间,申诉人及其代理人提出,原审卷宗中缺失与定案有关的重要证据,这些证据对聂树斌可能有利,强烈要求法庭对此问题给出说法。

合议庭通过分析在卷材料,全面调查研究,确认这些证据曾经收集在案,同时认为原办案人员对有关证据缺失没有作出合理解释,最后作出了缺失证据存在且对聂树斌可能有利的裁判意见。

证据缺失现象至今在个别案件中仍然存在,遇此情形如何采信证据、认定事实,存在不同看法。本案再审对这一问题予以明确,是尊重当事人及其代理人正确意见的具体体现,也是贯彻证据裁判原则、解决此类疑难问题、促进办案机关规范办案行为的必然要求。

回答2:

执法者野蛮执法的问题

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