用一个圆规和一把没有刻度的直尺,怎样画一个正十七边形?

用一个圆规和一把没有刻度的直尺,怎样画一个正十七边形?
2024-11-01 10:09:08
推荐回答(2个)
回答1:

步骤一:
  给一圆O,作两垂直的半径OA、OB,
  作C点使OC=0.25OB,
  作D点使∠OCD=0.25∠OCA,
  作AO延长线上E点使得∠DCE=45°。
步骤二:
  作AE中点M,并以M为圆心作一圆过A点,此圆交OB于F点,
  再以D为圆心,作一圆过F点,此圆交直线OA于G4和G6两点。
  步骤三:
  过G4作OA垂直线交圆O于P4,
  过G6作OA垂直线交圆O于P6,
  则以圆O为基准圆,A为正十七边形之第一顶点,P4为第四顶点,P6为第六顶点。
  连接P4P6,以1/2弧P4P6为半径,在圆上不断截取,即可在此圆上截出正十七边形的所有顶点。

回答2:

若长为|a|,|b|的线段可以用几何方法做出来,那么长为|c|的线段也能用几何方法做出的,
其中c是方程x^2+ax+b=0的实根。
上面的定理实际上就是在有线段长度|a|和|b|的时候,做出长为sqrt(a^2-4b)的线段。
(这一步,大家会画吧?)
而要在一个单位圆中做出正十七边形,主要就是做出长度是cos(2pai/17)的线段。
下面我把当年高斯证明可以做出cos(2pai/17)的证明给出,同时也就给出了具体的做法。
设a=2[cos(2pai/17)+cos(4pai/17)+cos(8pai/17)+cos(16pai/17)]>0
a1=2[cos(6pai/17)+cos(10pai/17)+cos(12pai/17)+cos(14pai/17)]<0
则有a+a1=-1,a*a1=-4,即a,a1是方程x^2+x-4=0的根,所以长为|a|和|a1|的线段可以做出。
令b=2[cos(2pai/17)+cos(8pai/17)]>0 b1=2[cos(4pai/17)+cos(16pai/17)]<0
c=2[cos(6pai/17)+cos(10pai/17)]>0 c1=2[cos(12pai/17)+cos(14pai/17)]<0
则有b+b1=a b*b1=-1 c+c1=a1 c*c1=-1
同样道理,长度是|b|,|b1|,|c|,|c1|的线段都可以做出来的。
再有2cos(2pai/17)+2cos(8pai/17)=b [2cos(2pai/17)]*[2cos(8pai/17)]=c
这样,2cos(2pai/17)是方程x^2-bx+c=0较大的实根,
显然也可以做出来,并且作图的方法上面已经给出来了

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