什么叫及物动词和不及物动词

2025-02-13 01:04:24
推荐回答(5个)
回答1:

及物动词和不及物动词的意思如下:
1、及物动词后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的实义动词,叫做及物动词。
2、不及物动词 本身意义完整后面不须跟宾语的实义动词,叫做不及物动词。
及物动词指后面可以加宾语的动词,不及物动词后面不可以直接加宾语,得放个介词在中间。

回答2:

在语法学上,及物动词(又叫他动词)是需要支配一个直接主词和一个或一个以上宾语的动词。此与不搭配宾语的不及物动词相对。

例:

小明吃了面包(在此“面包”是“吃了”这个动词的直接宾语)

小红给了小强一个汽车模型(在此“一个汽车模型”是直接宾语;“小强”则是“给了”这个动词的间接宾语)

有人将我的钱包给偷了(在此“我的钱包”是“偷了”这个动词的直接受词)

不及物动词(又叫自动词)与及物动词相反,在不及物动词之后不直接支配受词。(也就是说,在主宾格语言比如说德语中不支配宾语)。

例:

及物动词和不及物动词的区别在于所带的宾语不同。不及物动词只能带准宾语(动量宾语,时量宾语和数量宾语)。

《现代汉语教程》:不及物动词是不能后加表示支配关涉对象的成分的动词。其中有能后加时量,动量成分的如“走,跑,起来”,有不能后加时量,动量成分的,如“到来,着眼,游泳,鞠躬”。

《新编现代汉语》:不及物动词在一般情况下不能带宾语。述宾式不及物动词大都可以分离,如“鞠了个躬,生谁的气,站好最后一班岗”。

扩展资料:

一个搭配间接宾语和直接宾语的动词又称“双及物动词”(ditransitive verb),像例如上例中的动词“给”即为一例。要求一个宾语的动词可称之为“单及物动词”(monotransitive verb)。

除此之外,要求三个宾语的动词又被称为“三及物动词”(tritransitive verb),像英语的“trade”(意即“交易”)等少数的动词(见下例)即为一例[1]

不搭配任何宾语的动词又称“不及物动词”(intransitive verb),像例如“死”这个动词即为一例。另外,可同时做为及物动词和不及物动词的动词,又称“可及物可不及物动词”(ambitransitive verb)

参考资料来源:百度百科-及物动词

参考资料来源:百度百科-不及物动词

回答3:

及物动词就是说这个动作可以施加到别的物体上,也就是后加宾语.
例如:He opened the door.“open”这个动词可以施加到“door”上,那它就是及物动词,宾语door也不可省略,否则句意不完整.(不知道到底开的是什么)
不及物动词就是一个动作不能施加到另一个物体上,也就是后面不能加宾语.
例如:He is running.run这个动词就是不及物动词,后面不能加sth.(不能说跑什么东西)
这就是及物和不及物的基本区别,学习单词时要参照提示的词性,在理解的基础上运用,因为英语里有的动词既可以是及物也可以是不及物的.
vi—不及物
vt—及物

回答4:

及物动词指后面可以加宾语的动词,不及物动词后面不可以直接加宾语,得放个介词在中间 。

回答5:

及物动词指后面可以加宾语的动词,不及物动词后面不可以直接加宾语,得放个介词在中间 。

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