推荐回答(3个)
1、配料:按照配方单到仓库领取相对应编号的材料;
2、混合:将领取的物料根据工艺要求,使用指定的机器和时间进行混合;
3、装窑:将混合好的物料,按照一定的数量等,装上指定的窑车上
4、烧成:装好窑车的生料推入到梭式窑内,按照一定的升温速度和时间烧到指定温度并保温;
5、卸窑:将经过高温煅烧好的生料,待自然冷却后倒出匣钵装袋;
6、粗加工:初步的加工,如进行卸窑后的爪式机打粉均化过程;
7、精加工:将初步加工的产品进一步加工,细化加工.如釉用产品的水磨工序;
8、打包入仓:将精加工的产品,经烘干打粉均化后,按照一定的重量,过筛打包如库。我们看到一件陶瓷器时,最引人注意的是它的外观形状。如果瓷器上没有挂釉的话,无论造型如何美丽都会失掉这件瓷器的魅力,所以我们说陶瓷是一种火的艺术,靠火的作用产生了各种变化,主要还是陶瓷釉料在火中起到了变化。
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2F6d81800a19d8bc3e238d2315898ba61ea9d34563%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
(1)混合:着色剂的最终色调,受加入着色剂中的其他成分的影响很大,因而,为了使每批色料发出同一色调,必须按照组成将质量相同的原料精细的称量和混合。混合的最好方法是湿法粉碎、干燥、过筛。其他方法称为干法,将各种原料过60目筛,或用干式混合机混合。采用何种方法,可按色料的品种而定。
(2)煅烧:煅烧是制色料的生重要工序,其目的是为了使之稳定化。在煅烧过程中,原料性质的不同会发生不同的反应。煅烧温度了最低要和色料最终制品的使用温度相同。煅烧中的反应有分解与化合。
①分解。许多原料因加热而放出气体,如煅烧中的分解进行不完全,用到产品上时将因气体的排出而发生气泡、破裂、或在彩绘部位上留下白色斑点,而该颜色移到无色部位上去。
②化合。产品着色剂的着色化合物,多为在煅烧中与其他原料化合之后成为参于坯、釉等熔解作用的非活性物质。其中物别是能在高温下使用的尖晶石型色料。混合以多种着色剂而制色料时,如黑色料等,煅烧充分是特别重要的,如其固相反应不能反应完全而达到充分烧结,则因在釉中发生分离为各个溶液,会在装饰上出现混色现象。以往通常在素烧窑或釉烧窑某一部位的密封匣钵中进行煅烧,但制精致的 色料时,其煅烧最好用许多个水马弗窑。
(3) 水洗:将煅烧后的色料粉碎,然后进行水洗,以除净其中的可溶性物质,使用铬酸盐的色料必须用热水洗,如洗不干净,剩有可溶性铬酸盐,则在铬色的周围会出现深浅不匀。
(4) 粉碎:水洗后用球磨机湿法粉碎到所需要的细度。色料的粒度一般要求全部通过300目筛。粉碎不足时会因粒度不均而难于使用,或因缺乏遮盖力而使烧成后成斑点状。反之,粉碎过度,细如尘埃,则不能充分熔合于釉中而造成滚釉。
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2F78310a55b319ebc456f353468926cffc1f171661%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
陶瓷色料也称颜料或彩料,是以色基和熔剂或添加剂配制成的粉状有色陶瓷专用颜色材料。 早期主要有粉末状色料,随着技术革新和发展,现已生产出了陶瓷墨水,水剂这类的色料,已经得到广泛的生产和使用。陶瓷色料也称颜料或彩料,是以色基和熔剂或添加剂配制成的粉状有色陶瓷专用颜色材料。 早期主要有粉末状色料,随着技术革新和发展,现已生产出了陶瓷墨水,水剂这类的色料,已经得到广泛的生产和使用。
作用
① 坯体着色:将色剂和坯料混合,使烧后坯体呈现一定的颜色。
② 釉料的着色:用色剂和基础釉料可调配各种颜色釉和艺术釉。
③ 绘制花纹图案:大量用于釉层表面和釉下进行手工彩绘,也可用作贴花纸、丝网印等。
![](/picurl?url=https%3A%2F%2Fiknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com%2Fd1a20cf431adcbef2eb35bd9a7af2edda2cc9f6d%3Fx-bce-process%3Dimage%252Fresize%252Cm_lfit%252Cw_600%252Ch_800%252Climit_1%252Fquality%252Cq_85%252Fformat%252Cf_auto)
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