篮球里压球算盖帽还是犯规?

2025-02-16 14:16:51
推荐回答(1个)
回答1:

“球手一体”的概念的改变
某队员在投篮时,防守队员在“盖帽”的过程中,附带地偶然地触碰到投篮队员的手,在原规则许可的,不是犯规。现在的规则把这一条删除了,只要是打到了手,就是犯规。

二、遵守篮球运动中的垂直原则
某队员跳起投篮时,要按照“垂直原则”起跳,而防守队员跳起“盖帽”时,也要遵守“垂直原则”。所以“盖帽”队员无论从投篮队员的哪个方向起跳,都没关系,重要的是起跳后是否违犯了“垂直原则”?是否造成了非法的身体接触,这都是临场裁判观察的要害和重点,也是判准“盖帽”犯规的关键。然而,有的裁判员在临场判断中,有一种错误的观念,即每逢“盖帽”队员从投篮队员背后起跳封盖,不分青红皂白,也不管是“好帽还是坏帽”,都判为犯规。规则对“背后防守”的要求是严格的。但背后防守,是防守者处于不利的位置上进行防守,不一定都构成侵人犯规。压球(即压跳),就是进攻队员投篮球还没出手,防守队员就在进攻队员的圆柱体范围内封盖投篮,特指从上往下的封盖,如果是从侧面或者下面把球拍走那都不算压球。 后盖与压球一样(后盖并不是篮球术语),只要没出手就会犯规,但是后盖是肯定会侵犯进攻队员的圆柱体范围的,所以在进攻队员没出手之前的后盖全部都会被判犯规。 进攻队员的圆柱体范围在投篮出手前有没有被侵犯是判断犯规与否的一个大原则要具体问题具体分析,栽判员要用辩证唯物主义的观点指导临场实践,做到判罚与求实相结合,避免或者减少临场中判罚的失误。

三、要识破投篮队员的假象
从现实的临场观察中,把“好帽”判成犯规有的是由于裁判员被投篮队员的假像所迷惑造成的。有不少的投篮队员,当防守队员跳起封盖时喊叫,有的甚至还没有发生身体接触,就喊叫,有的还仅装倒地,缺乏临场经验的裁判员,见此情景,就容易把“好帽”吹成犯规。

四、看清“盖帽”时的手臂动作
当防守队员跳起“盖帽”时,裁判员除了移动到最好的位置外,要集中观察“盖帽”时的手臂,不要观察球出手的情况,不要过快地鸣哨,要看动作的全过程。过快的鸣哨,也是把“好帽”错判成犯规的原因之一。

五、正确处理“盖帽”时的犯规
防守队员对投篮队员“盖帽”出现的犯规,有两种情况,一种情况是:队员正在投篮时,球还没有离开投篮队员的手,“盖帽”者对他犯规。这是对正在做投篮动作的队员犯规。若球投中,得分有效,再判给投篮队员一次罚球,若球没有投中,根据投篮地点,判给投篮队员二次或三次罚球。另一种情况是:投篮队员的球离手后,“盖帽”队员对他犯规。球中篮得分有效,由投篮队在犯规就近的界线掷界外球。

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